Brooke W Bullington1,2, Andrew Edmonds1, Catalina Ramirez3, Lisa Rahangdale4, Genevieve Neal-Perry4, Deborah Konkle-Parker5, Deborah Jones Weiss6, Caitlin Moran7, Elizabeth Topper Golub8, Helen Cejtin9, Dominika Seidman10, Seble Kassaye11, Tracey E Wilson12, Anjali Sharma13, Adaora A Adimora1,3, Andrea K Knittel4. 1. From the department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC. 2. Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC. 3. Institute for Global Health & Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC. 4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC. 5. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS. 6. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. 7. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Emory University, Atlanta, GA. 8. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD. 9. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL. 10. Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA. 11. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington DC. 12. Department of Community Health Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY. 13. Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the prevalence and treatment of premature and early menopause among people with HIV. We described premature and early menopause and subsequent hormonal treatment in a longitudinal cohort of women living with or at risk for HIV in the US. METHODS: Data from the Women's Interagency HIV Study between 2008 and 2020 were analyzed to describe premature and early menopause among cohort participants under the age of 51. RESULTS: Of 3,059 eligible women during the study period, 1% (n = 35) underwent premature menopause before age 41, 3% (n = 101) underwent menopause between ages 41 and 46, and 21% (n = 442) underwent menopause between ages 46 and 50, inclusive. Of participants who experienced menopause before age 41, between age 41 and 45, and between ages 46 and 50, 51%, 24%, and 7% (respectively) received either menopausal hormone therapy or hormonal contraception. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that disparities in receipt of recommended hormone therapy for premature and early menopause may contribute, in part, to evident health disparities, such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and overall mortality. They also suggest a substantial need for education among people experiencing early menopause and their providers, with the goal of improving access to hormone therapy based on guidelines to address health disparities and minimize future health consequences.
OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the prevalence and treatment of premature and early menopause among people with HIV. We described premature and early menopause and subsequent hormonal treatment in a longitudinal cohort of women living with or at risk for HIV in the US. METHODS: Data from the Women's Interagency HIV Study between 2008 and 2020 were analyzed to describe premature and early menopause among cohort participants under the age of 51. RESULTS: Of 3,059 eligible women during the study period, 1% (n = 35) underwent premature menopause before age 41, 3% (n = 101) underwent menopause between ages 41 and 46, and 21% (n = 442) underwent menopause between ages 46 and 50, inclusive. Of participants who experienced menopause before age 41, between age 41 and 45, and between ages 46 and 50, 51%, 24%, and 7% (respectively) received either menopausal hormone therapy or hormonal contraception. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that disparities in receipt of recommended hormone therapy for premature and early menopause may contribute, in part, to evident health disparities, such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and overall mortality. They also suggest a substantial need for education among people experiencing early menopause and their providers, with the goal of improving access to hormone therapy based on guidelines to address health disparities and minimize future health consequences.
Authors: Sybil L Crawford; Carolyn J Crandall; Carol A Derby; Samar R El Khoudary; L Elaine Waetjen; Mary Fischer; Hadine Joffe Journal: Menopause Date: 2018-12-21 Impact factor: 2.953
Authors: Jacques E Rossouw; Garnet L Anderson; Ross L Prentice; Andrea Z LaCroix; Charles Kooperberg; Marcia L Stefanick; Rebecca D Jackson; Shirley A A Beresford; Barbara V Howard; Karen C Johnson; Jane Morley Kotchen; Judith Ockene Journal: JAMA Date: 2002-07-17 Impact factor: 56.272