Ronny Bruffaerts1, Meredith G Harris2,3, Alan E Kazdin4, Daniel V Vigo5,6, Nancy A Sampson7, Wai Tat Chiu7, Ali Al-Hamzawi8, Jordi Alonso9,10,11, Yasmin A Altwaijri12, Laura Andrade13, Corina Benjet14, Giovanni de Girolamo15, Silvia Florescu16, Josep Maria Haro17,18, Chi-Yi Hu19, Aimee Karam20,21, Elie G Karam20,21, Viviane Kovess-Masfety22, Sing Lee23, John J McGrath3,24,25, Fernando Navarro-Mateu26, Daisuke Nishi27, Siobhan O'Neill28, José Posada-Villa29, Kate M Scott30, Margreet Ten Have31, Yolanda Torres32, Bogdan Wojtyniak33, Miguel Xavier34, Zahari Zarkov35, Ronald C Kessler36. 1. Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum-Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (UPC-KUL), Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium. 2. School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Herston, Australia. 3. Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Queensland, Wacol, Australia. 4. Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. 5. Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. 6. Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 7. Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. 8. College of Medicine, Al-Qadisiyah University, Diwaniyah Governorate, Iraq. 9. Health Services Research Unit, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain. 10. CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. 11. Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain. 12. Epidemiology Section, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 13. Núcleo de Epidemiologia Psiquiátrica-LIM 23, Instituto de Psiquiatria Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. 14. Department of Epidemiologic and Psychosocial Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico. 15. IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy. 16. National School of Public Health, Management and Development, Bucharest, Romania. 17. Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. 18. Department of Psychology, College of Education, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 19. Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health and Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China. 20. Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon. 21. Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, St George Hospital University Medical Center, Balamand University, Beirut, Lebanon. 22. Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP), EA 4057, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France. 23. Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong. 24. Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Queensland, St Lucia, Australia. 25. National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. 26. UDIF-SM, Servicio Murciano de Salud, IMIB-Arrixaca, CIBERESP-Murcia, Región de Murcia, Spain. 27. Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 28. School of Psychology, Ulster University, Londonderry, UK. 29. Faculty of Social Sciences, Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca University, Bogota, Colombia. 30. Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand. 31. Trimbos-Instituut, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, Netherlands. 32. Center for Excellence on Research in Mental Health, CES University, Medellin, Colombia. 33. Department of Population Health Monitoring and Analysis, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland. 34. Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health and Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School-Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. 35. Department of Mental Health, National Center of Public Health and Analyses, Sofia, Bulgaria. 36. Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence and predictors of perceived helpfulness of treatment in persons with a history of DSM-IV social anxiety disorder (SAD), using a worldwide population-based sample. METHODS: The World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys is a coordinated series of community epidemiological surveys of non-institutionalized adults; 27 surveys in 24 countries (16 in high-income; 11 in low/middle-income countries; N = 117,856) included people with a lifetime history of treated SAD. RESULTS: In respondents with lifetime SAD, approximately one in five ever obtained treatment. Among these (n = 1322), cumulative probability of receiving treatment they regarded as helpful after seeing up to seven professionals was 92.2%. However, only 30.2% persisted this long, resulting in 65.1% ever receiving treatment perceived as helpful. Perceiving treatment as helpful was more common in female respondents, those currently married, more highly educated, and treated in non-formal health-care settings. Persistence in seeking treatment for SAD was higher among those with shorter delays in seeking treatment, in those receiving medication from a mental health specialist, and those with more than two lifetime anxiety disorders. CONCLUSIONS: The vast majority of individuals with SAD do not receive any treatment. Among those who do, the probability that people treated for SAD obtain treatment they consider helpful increases considerably if they persisted in help-seeking after earlier unhelpful treatments.
PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence and predictors of perceived helpfulness of treatment in persons with a history of DSM-IV social anxiety disorder (SAD), using a worldwide population-based sample. METHODS: The World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys is a coordinated series of community epidemiological surveys of non-institutionalized adults; 27 surveys in 24 countries (16 in high-income; 11 in low/middle-income countries; N = 117,856) included people with a lifetime history of treated SAD. RESULTS: In respondents with lifetime SAD, approximately one in five ever obtained treatment. Among these (n = 1322), cumulative probability of receiving treatment they regarded as helpful after seeing up to seven professionals was 92.2%. However, only 30.2% persisted this long, resulting in 65.1% ever receiving treatment perceived as helpful. Perceiving treatment as helpful was more common in female respondents, those currently married, more highly educated, and treated in non-formal health-care settings. Persistence in seeking treatment for SAD was higher among those with shorter delays in seeking treatment, in those receiving medication from a mental health specialist, and those with more than two lifetime anxiety disorders. CONCLUSIONS: The vast majority of individuals with SAD do not receive any treatment. Among those who do, the probability that people treated for SAD obtain treatment they consider helpful increases considerably if they persisted in help-seeking after earlier unhelpful treatments.
Authors: Josep Maria Haro; Saena Arbabzadeh-Bouchez; Traolach S Brugha; Giovanni de Girolamo; Margaret E Guyer; Robert Jin; Jean Pierre Lepine; Fausto Mazzi; Blanca Reneses; Gemma Vilagut; Nancy A Sampson; Ronald C Kessler Journal: Int J Methods Psychiatr Res Date: 2006 Impact factor: 4.035
Authors: H U Wittchen; F Jacobi; J Rehm; A Gustavsson; M Svensson; B Jönsson; J Olesen; C Allgulander; J Alonso; C Faravelli; L Fratiglioni; P Jennum; R Lieb; A Maercker; J van Os; M Preisig; L Salvador-Carulla; R Simon; H-C Steinhausen Journal: Eur Neuropsychopharmacol Date: 2011-09 Impact factor: 4.600
Authors: Ymkje Anna de Vries; Meredith G Harris; Daniel Vigo; Wai Tat Chiu; Nancy A Sampson; Ali Al-Hamzawi; Jordi Alonso; Laura H Andrade; Corina Benjet; Ronny Bruffaerts; Brendan Bunting; José Miguel Caldas de Almeida; Giovanni de Girolamo; Silvia Florescu; Oye Gureje; Josep Maria Haro; Chiyi Hu; Elie G Karam; Norito Kawakami; Viviane Kovess-Masfety; Sing Lee; Jacek Moskalewicz; Fernando Navarro-Mateu; Akin Ojagbemi; José Posada-Villa; Kate Scott; Yolanda Torres; Zahari Zarkov; Andrew Nierenberg; Ronald C Kessler; Peter de Jonge Journal: J Affect Disord Date: 2021-04-20 Impact factor: 6.533
Authors: Dan J Stein; Carmen C W Lim; Annelieke M Roest; Peter de Jonge; Sergio Aguilar-Gaxiola; Ali Al-Hamzawi; Jordi Alonso; Corina Benjet; Evelyn J Bromet; Ronny Bruffaerts; Giovanni de Girolamo; Silvia Florescu; Oye Gureje; Josep Maria Haro; Meredith G Harris; Yanling He; Hristo Hinkov; Itsuko Horiguchi; Chiyi Hu; Aimee Karam; Elie G Karam; Sing Lee; Jean-Pierre Lepine; Fernando Navarro-Mateu; Beth-Ellen Pennell; Marina Piazza; Jose Posada-Villa; Margreet Ten Have; Yolanda Torres; Maria Carmen Viana; Bogdan Wojtyniak; Miguel Xavier; Ronald C Kessler; Kate M Scott Journal: BMC Med Date: 2017-07-31 Impact factor: 8.775
Authors: Ronald C Kessler; Alan E Kazdin; Sergio Aguilar-Gaxiola; Ali Al-Hamzawi; Jordi Alonso; Yasmin A Altwaijri; Laura H Andrade; Corina Benjet; Chrianna Bharat; Guilherme Borges; Ronny Bruffaerts; Brendan Bunting; José Miguel Caldas de Almeida; Graça Cardoso; Wai Tat Chiu; Alfredo Cía; Marius Ciutan; Louisa Degenhardt; Giovanni de Girolamo; Peter de Jonge; Ymkje Anna de Vries; Silvia Florescu; Oye Gureje; Josep Maria Haro; Meredith G Harris; Chiyi Hu; Aimee N Karam; Elie G Karam; Georges Karam; Norito Kawakami; Andrzej Kiejna; Viviane Kovess-Masfety; Sing Lee; Victor Makanjuola; John J McGrath; Maria Elena Medina-Mora; Jacek Moskalewicz; Fernando Navarro-Mateu; Andrew A Nierenberg; Daisuke Nishi; Akin Ojagbemi; Bibilola D Oladeji; Siobhan O'Neill; José Posada-Villa; Victor Puac-Polanco; Charlene Rapsey; Ayelet Meron Ruscio; Nancy A Sampson; Kate M Scott; Tim Slade; Juan Carlos Stagnaro; Dan J Stein; Hisateru Tachimori; Margreet Ten Have; Yolanda Torres; Maria Carmen Viana; Daniel V Vigo; David R Williams; Bogdan Wojtyniak; Miguel Xavier; Zahari Zarkov; Hannah N Ziobrowski Journal: World Psychiatry Date: 2022-06 Impact factor: 79.683