Francesco Pichi1,2, André Luiz Land Curi3, Daniel Vitor Vasconcelos-Santos4, Alessandro Marchese5, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli5, Elisabetta Miserocchi5, Ariel Schlaen6. 1. Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. 2. Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. 3. Research Laboratory of Infectious Diseases in Ophthalmology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases - Ini - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 4. Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Oftalmologia e Otorrinolaringologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. 5. Department of Ophthalmology, Irccs Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy. 6. Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Argentina.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To describe and illustrate the main optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings of infectious uveitis. METHODS: Narrative review. RESULTS: Posterior segment OCT in patients with infectious uveitis reveals posterior hyaloid face precipitates, superficial retinal precipitates and infiltrates, foveolitis, retinitis, neuro-retinitis, choroidal granulomas, and choroiditis as main imaging biomarkers. Some of these features are specific to the underlying causing etiology and may support the diagnosis and the initiation of treatment. Some OCT features disappear completely with resolution; some others are associated with irreversible retinal damage. CONCLUSIONS: OCT identifies different features of infectious uveitis into the vitreous, the retina, and the choroid. OCT characteristics, combined with other multimodal imaging features, are helpful in the differential diagnosis of infectious uveitis, the early detection of complications, and the assessment of the response to therapy.
PURPOSE: To describe and illustrate the main optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings of infectious uveitis. METHODS: Narrative review. RESULTS: Posterior segment OCT in patients with infectious uveitis reveals posterior hyaloid face precipitates, superficial retinal precipitates and infiltrates, foveolitis, retinitis, neuro-retinitis, choroidal granulomas, and choroiditis as main imaging biomarkers. Some of these features are specific to the underlying causing etiology and may support the diagnosis and the initiation of treatment. Some OCT features disappear completely with resolution; some others are associated with irreversible retinal damage. CONCLUSIONS: OCT identifies different features of infectious uveitis into the vitreous, the retina, and the choroid. OCT characteristics, combined with other multimodal imaging features, are helpful in the differential diagnosis of infectious uveitis, the early detection of complications, and the assessment of the response to therapy.