Chengjie Xiong1,2, Jingqin Luo1,3,4, Suzanne E Schindler2,5, Anne M Fagan2,5, Tammie Benzinger2,6, Jason Hassenstab2,5, Joyce E Balls-Berry2,5, Folasade Agboola1,2, Elizabeth Grant1,2, Krista L Moulder2,5, John C Morris2,5,7. 1. Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. 2. Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. 3. Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. 4. Siteman Cancer Center Biostatistics Core, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. 5. Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. 6. Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. 7. Departments of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Longitudinal changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analytes, amyloid uptakes from positron emission tomography (PET), structural outcomes from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cognition, have not been compared between Blacks and Whites. METHODS: A total of 179 Blacks and 1180 Whites who were cognitively normal at baseline and had longitudinal data from at least one biomarker modality were analyzed for the annual rates of change. RESULTS: CSF amyloid beta (Aβ)42/Aβ40 declined more slowly (P = .0390), and amyloid (PET) accumulated more slowly (P = .0157), in Blacks than Whites. CSF Aβ42 changed in opposite directions over time between Blacks and Whites (P = .0039). The annual increase in CSF total tau and phosphorylated tau181 for Blacks was about half of that for Whites. DISCUSSION: Longitudinal racial differences in amyloid biomarkers are observed. It will be important to comprehensively and prospectively examine the effects of apolipoprotein E genotype and sociocultural factors on these differences.
INTRODUCTION: Longitudinal changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analytes, amyloid uptakes from positron emission tomography (PET), structural outcomes from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cognition, have not been compared between Blacks and Whites. METHODS: A total of 179 Blacks and 1180 Whites who were cognitively normal at baseline and had longitudinal data from at least one biomarker modality were analyzed for the annual rates of change. RESULTS: CSF amyloid beta (Aβ)42/Aβ40 declined more slowly (P = .0390), and amyloid (PET) accumulated more slowly (P = .0157), in Blacks than Whites. CSF Aβ42 changed in opposite directions over time between Blacks and Whites (P = .0039). The annual increase in CSF total tau and phosphorylated tau181 for Blacks was about half of that for Whites. DISCUSSION: Longitudinal racial differences in amyloid biomarkers are observed. It will be important to comprehensively and prospectively examine the effects of apolipoprotein E genotype and sociocultural factors on these differences.
Authors: Joseph L Price; Daniel W McKeel; Virginia D Buckles; Catherine M Roe; Chengjie Xiong; Michael Grundman; Lawrence A Hansen; Ronald C Petersen; Joseph E Parisi; Dennis W Dickson; Charles D Smith; Daron G Davis; Frederick A Schmitt; William R Markesbery; Jeffrey Kaye; Roger Kurlan; Christine Hulette; Brenda F Kurland; Roger Higdon; Walter Kukull; John C Morris Journal: Neurobiol Aging Date: 2009-04-18 Impact factor: 4.673
Authors: Stephanie Jb Vos; Chengjie Xiong; Pieter Jelle Visser; Mateusz S Jasielec; Jason Hassenstab; Elizabeth A Grant; Nigel J Cairns; John C Morris; David M Holtzman; Anne M Fagan Journal: Lancet Neurol Date: 2013-09-04 Impact factor: 44.182
Authors: John C Morris; Suzanne E Schindler; Lena M McCue; Krista L Moulder; Tammie L S Benzinger; Carlos Cruchaga; Anne M Fagan; Elizabeth Grant; Brian A Gordon; David M Holtzman; Chengjie Xiong Journal: JAMA Neurol Date: 2019-03-01 Impact factor: 18.302
Authors: William E Klunk; Robert A Koeppe; Julie C Price; Tammie L Benzinger; Michael D Devous; William J Jagust; Keith A Johnson; Chester A Mathis; Davneet Minhas; Michael J Pontecorvo; Christopher C Rowe; Daniel M Skovronsky; Mark A Mintun Journal: Alzheimers Dement Date: 2014-10-28 Impact factor: 21.566
Authors: Anne M Fagan; Chengjie Xiong; Mateusz S Jasielec; Randall J Bateman; Alison M Goate; Tammie L S Benzinger; Bernardino Ghetti; Ralph N Martins; Colin L Masters; Richard Mayeux; John M Ringman; Martin N Rossor; Stephen Salloway; Peter R Schofield; Reisa A Sperling; Daniel Marcus; Nigel J Cairns; Virginia D Buckles; Jack H Ladenson; John C Morris; David M Holtzman Journal: Sci Transl Med Date: 2014-03-05 Impact factor: 17.956
Authors: Yi Su; Shaney Flores; Guoqiao Wang; Russ C Hornbeck; Benjamin Speidel; Nelly Joseph-Mathurin; Andrei G Vlassenko; Brian A Gordon; Robert A Koeppe; William E Klunk; Clifford R Jack; Martin R Farlow; Stephen Salloway; Barbara J Snider; Sarah B Berman; Erik D Roberson; Jared Brosch; Ivonne Jimenez-Velazques; Christopher H van Dyck; Douglas Galasko; Shauna H Yuan; Suman Jayadev; Lawrence S Honig; Serge Gauthier; Ging-Yuek R Hsiung; Mario Masellis; William S Brooks; Michael Fulham; Roger Clarnette; Colin L Masters; David Wallon; Didier Hannequin; Bruno Dubois; Jeremie Pariente; Raquel Sanchez-Valle; Catherine Mummery; John M Ringman; Michel Bottlaender; Gregory Klein; Smiljana Milosavljevic-Ristic; Eric McDade; Chengjie Xiong; John C Morris; Randall J Bateman; Tammie L S Benzinger Journal: Alzheimers Dement (Amst) Date: 2019-02-22
Authors: Yi Su; Shaney Flores; Russ C Hornbeck; Benjamin Speidel; Andrei G Vlassenko; Brian A Gordon; Robert A Koeppe; William E Klunk; Chengjie Xiong; John C Morris; Tammie L S Benzinger Journal: Neuroimage Clin Date: 2018-04-25 Impact factor: 4.881
Authors: Jingqin Luo; Folasade Agboola; Elizabeth Grant; Colin L Masters; Marilyn S Albert; Sterling C Johnson; Eric M McDade; Jonathan Vöglein; Anne M Fagan; Tammie Benzinger; Parinaz Massoumzadeh; Jason Hassenstab; Randall J Bateman; John C Morris; Richard J Perrin; Jasmeer Chhatwal; Mathias Jucker; Bernardino Ghetti; Carlos Cruchaga; Neill R Graff-Radford; Peter R Schofield; Hiroshi Mori; Chengjie Xiong Journal: Neurology Date: 2020-09-01 Impact factor: 11.800