Domenico M Romeo1,2, Frances M Cowan3, Leena Haataja4, Daniela Ricci1,5, Elisa Pede2, Francesca Gallini6, Francesco Cota6, Claudia Brogna1, Mario G Romeo7, Giovanni Vento6, Eugenio Mercuri1,2. 1. Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. 2. Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Roma, Rome, Italy. 3. Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College, London, UK. 4. Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. 5. National Centre of Services and Research for the Prevention of Blindness and Rehabilitation of Low Vision Patients - IAPB Italia Onlus, Rome, Italy. 6. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. 7. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Paediatrics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Abstract
AIM: We explored the ability of the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) to identify cognitive performance delay at 2 years in a large cohort of infants born at term. METHOD: We conducted a retrospective study of infants born at term at risk of neurodevelopmental impairments assessed using the HINE between 3 and 12 months post-term age and compared them with a cohort of typically developing infants born at term. All infants performed a neurodevelopmental assessment at 2 years of age using the Mental Development Index (MDI) of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Second Edition; the presence of cerebral palsy (CP) was also reported. The infants were classified as being cognitively normal/mildly delayed or significantly delayed (MDI < 70). The predictive validity of HINE scores for significantly delayed cognitive performance, in infants with and without CP, was calculated using specific cut-off scores according to age at assessment. RESULTS: A total of 446 at-risk and 235 typically developing infants (345 males, 336 females; mean [SD] gestational age 38.7 weeks [1.4], range 37-43 weeks) were included. Of the at-risk infants, 408 did not have CP at 2 years; 243 had a normal/mild delayed MDI and 165 had an MDI less than 70. Of the at-risk infants, 38 developed CP. HINE scores showed a good sensitivity and specificity, mainly after 3 months, for identifying significantly delayed cognitive performance in infants without CP. In those with CP, the score was associated with their cognitive performance. The comparison group had the highest HINE scores. INTERPRETATION: The HINE provides evidence about the risk of delayed cognitive performance at age 2 years in infants born at term with and without CP.
AIM: We explored the ability of the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) to identify cognitive performance delay at 2 years in a large cohort of infants born at term. METHOD: We conducted a retrospective study of infants born at term at risk of neurodevelopmental impairments assessed using the HINE between 3 and 12 months post-term age and compared them with a cohort of typically developing infants born at term. All infants performed a neurodevelopmental assessment at 2 years of age using the Mental Development Index (MDI) of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Second Edition; the presence of cerebral palsy (CP) was also reported. The infants were classified as being cognitively normal/mildly delayed or significantly delayed (MDI < 70). The predictive validity of HINE scores for significantly delayed cognitive performance, in infants with and without CP, was calculated using specific cut-off scores according to age at assessment. RESULTS: A total of 446 at-risk and 235 typically developing infants (345 males, 336 females; mean [SD] gestational age 38.7 weeks [1.4], range 37-43 weeks) were included. Of the at-risk infants, 408 did not have CP at 2 years; 243 had a normal/mild delayed MDI and 165 had an MDI less than 70. Of the at-risk infants, 38 developed CP. HINE scores showed a good sensitivity and specificity, mainly after 3 months, for identifying significantly delayed cognitive performance in infants without CP. In those with CP, the score was associated with their cognitive performance. The comparison group had the highest HINE scores. INTERPRETATION: The HINE provides evidence about the risk of delayed cognitive performance at age 2 years in infants born at term with and without CP.
Authors: Elisabeth C McGowan; Julie A Hofheimer; T Michael O'Shea; Howard Kilbride; Brian S Carter; Jennifer Check; Jennifer Helderman; Charles R Neal; Steve Pastyrnak; Lynne M Smith; Marie Camerota; Lynne M Dansereau; Sheri A Della Grotta; Barry M Lester Journal: JAMA Netw Open Date: 2022-07-01
Authors: Daniela Dicanio; Giulia Spoto; Angela Alibrandi; Roberta Minutoli; Antonio Gennaro Nicotera; Gabriella Di Rosa Journal: Front Neurol Date: 2022-09-27 Impact factor: 4.086