OBJECTIVES: Examine age differences in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission risk from primary cases and infection risk among household contacts and symptoms among those with SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS: People with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Nashville, Tennessee and central and western Wisconsin and their household contacts were followed daily for 14 days to ascertain symptoms and secondary transmission events. Households were enrolled between April 2020 and April 2021. Secondary infection risks (SIR) by age of the primary case and contacts were estimated using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: The 226 primary cases were followed by 198 (49%) secondary SARS-CoV-2 infections among 404 household contacts. Age group-specific SIR among contacts ranged from 36% to 53%, with no differences by age. SIR was lower in primary cases age 12 to 17 years than from primary cases 18 to 49 years (risk ratio [RR] 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.19-0.91). SIR was 55% and 45%, respectively, among primary case-contact pairs in the same versus different age group (RR 1.47; 95% CI 0.98-2.22). SIR was highest among primary case-contact pairs age ≥65 years (76%) and 5 to 11 years (69%). Among secondary SARS-CoV-2 infections, 19% were asymptomatic; there was no difference in the frequency of asymptomatic infections by age group. CONCLUSIONS: Both children and adults can transmit and are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. SIR did not vary by age, but further research is needed to understand age-related differences in probability of transmission from primary cases by age.
OBJECTIVES: Examine age differences in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission risk from primary cases and infection risk among household contacts and symptoms among those with SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS: People with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Nashville, Tennessee and central and western Wisconsin and their household contacts were followed daily for 14 days to ascertain symptoms and secondary transmission events. Households were enrolled between April 2020 and April 2021. Secondary infection risks (SIR) by age of the primary case and contacts were estimated using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: The 226 primary cases were followed by 198 (49%) secondary SARS-CoV-2 infections among 404 household contacts. Age group-specific SIR among contacts ranged from 36% to 53%, with no differences by age. SIR was lower in primary cases age 12 to 17 years than from primary cases 18 to 49 years (risk ratio [RR] 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.19-0.91). SIR was 55% and 45%, respectively, among primary case-contact pairs in the same versus different age group (RR 1.47; 95% CI 0.98-2.22). SIR was highest among primary case-contact pairs age ≥65 years (76%) and 5 to 11 years (69%). Among secondary SARS-CoV-2 infections, 19% were asymptomatic; there was no difference in the frequency of asymptomatic infections by age group. CONCLUSIONS: Both children and adults can transmit and are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. SIR did not vary by age, but further research is needed to understand age-related differences in probability of transmission from primary cases by age.
Authors: Rebecca L Laws; Rebecca J Chancey; Elizabeth M Rabold; Victoria T Chu; Nathaniel M Lewis; Mark Fajans; Hannah E Reses; Lindsey M Duca; Patrick Dawson; Erin E Conners; Radhika Gharpure; Sherry Yin; Sean Buono; Mary Pomeroy; Anna R Yousaf; Daniel Owusu; Ashutosh Wadhwa; Eric Pevzner; Katherine A Battey; Henry Njuguna; Victoria L Fields; Phillip Salvatore; Michelle O'Hegarty; Jeni Vuong; Christopher J Gregory; Michelle Banks; Jared Rispens; Elizabeth Dietrich; Perrine Marcenac; Almea Matanock; Ian Pray; Ryan Westergaard; Trivikram Dasu; Sanjib Bhattacharyya; Ann Christiansen; Lindsey Page; Angela Dunn; Robyn Atkinson-Dunn; Kim Christensen; Tair Kiphibane; Sarah Willardson; Garrett Fox; Dongni Ye; Scott A Nabity; Alison Binder; Brandi D Freeman; Sandra Lester; Lisa Mills; Natalie Thornburg; Aron J Hall; Alicia M Fry; Jacqueline E Tate; Cuc H Tran; Hannah L Kirking Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2020-10-08 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: Lauren A Paul; Nick Daneman; Kevin L Schwartz; Michelle Science; Kevin A Brown; Michael Whelan; Ellen Chan; Sarah A Buchan Journal: JAMA Pediatr Date: 2021-11-01 Impact factor: 26.796
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Authors: Rebecca Cordery; Lucy Reeves; Jie Zhou; Aileen Rowan; Patricia Watber; Carolina Rosadas; Michael Crone; Marko Storch; Paul Freemont; Lucy Mosscrop; Alice Cowley; Gina Zelent; Kate Bisset; Holly Le Blond; Sadie Regmi; Christian Buckingham; Ramlah Junaideen; Nadia Abdulla; Joseph Eliahoo; Miranda Mindlin; Theresa Lamagni; Wendy Barclay; Graham P Taylor; Shiranee Sriskandan Journal: Lancet Microbe Date: 2022-08-24
Authors: Ruth A Karron; Marissa K Hetrich; Yu Bin Na; Maria Deloria Knoll; Elizabeth Schappell; Jennifer Meece; Erika Hanson; Suxiang Tong; Justin S Lee; Vic Veguilla; Fatimah S Dawood Journal: JAMA Netw Open Date: 2022-08-01