Real-time ultrasonographic surveillance in the detection of CNS involvement in systemic Candida infection.

Systemic candidiasis is becoming more common in the neonatal unit as the survival of extremely premature infants increases. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement occurs in 64% of infants with systemic infection. Real-time ultrasonography is useful in the diagnosis of CNS involvement and its sequelae as well as in monitoring the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. A patient with extensive CNS involvement is presented. Ultrasonographic findings are described and correlated with neuropathological examination of the brain.