Literature DB >> 35170908

Re: The role of transperineal ultrasound in the evaluation of stress urinary incontinence.

Luis Augusto Seabra Rios1.   

Abstract

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Year:  2022        PMID: 35170908      PMCID: PMC8932018          DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2020.1100.1

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Int Braz J Urol        ISSN: 1677-5538            Impact factor:   1.541


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To the editor, Radiological evaluation of stress urinary incontinence in women (SUI) began in the last century and is performed in order to classify grade and severity of urinary leakage and better understanding of the pathology (1). Several studies validated the use of image exams regarding position and mobility of the bladder neck and proximal urethra, and correlation of hypermobility with SUI (2). However, normal values of bladder neck mobility were never defined with certainty due to great variability in young nulliparous women (3). Many series were published discussing the use of perineal ultrasound to evaluate SUI, but in many studies, it was observed lack of uniformity of techniques and methods, preventing definition and standardization of evaluated parameters and determination of reliable evidence (4-6). The referred study presents several virtues, including the prospective characteristic, inclusion of control group, clear definition of studied populations, use of specific and validated questionnaires, careful description of examined ultrasonographic parameters and comparison with the classic method (Q tip test), that evaluates urethral mobility. This methodology leads to clear and specific results, preventing confounders factors such and pelvic prolapse and neurological diseases (7). The authors evaluated, other than classical determination of urethral angle, grade of descent of bladder neck and posterior urethral-vesical angle, also the grade of urethral rotation caused by the increase of abdominal pressure during Valsalva maneuver. This last parameter identifies one of the many pathological factors of SUI, the mobility and posterior-inferior rotation of proximal urethra during stress maneuvers. The use of regression analysis allowed the identification of the grade of mobility of the bladder neck as independent predictor factor of SUI. The study data also allowed the calculation of cut-off values of SUI in relation to the grade of bladder neck mobility, with high sensitivity and specificity. Although evaluation and quantification of urethral mobility is necessary in patients with urinary incontinence, the relevance of this data must be balanced in the clinical set, since this factor is only one of the many components of pathology of SUI. Sphincter function is complex and its intrinsic deficiency is not necessarily related to urethral hypermobility or dystopia Therefore, it is important to highlight that perineal ultrasound, that however may provide accurate data regarding urethral position and mobility, does not inform precise functional data related to sphincter activity, frequently harmed in patients with SUI. The good correlation of ultrasound data and Q tip-test must be taken into consideration when aspects such as costs and availability of ultrasound as propaedeutic method in patients with SUI are present. The Author
  7 in total

Review 1.  The problem of urinary stress incontinence in the female: an appraisa of its current status.

Authors:  T H Green
Journal:  Obstet Gynecol Surv       Date:  1968-07       Impact factor: 2.347

2.  The influence of bladder volume on the position and mobility of the urethrovesical junction.

Authors:  H P Dietz; P D Wilson
Journal:  Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct       Date:  1999

3.  Voiding cystourethrography in female stress incontinence.

Authors:  R E Pelsang; W W Bonney
Journal:  AJR Am J Roentgenol       Date:  1996-03       Impact factor: 3.959

4.  Stress incontinence: classification and surgical approach.

Authors:  J G Blaivas; C A Olsson
Journal:  J Urol       Date:  1988-04       Impact factor: 7.450

Review 5.  Ultrasound imaging of the pelvic floor. Part I: two-dimensional aspects.

Authors:  H P Dietz
Journal:  Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol       Date:  2004-01       Impact factor: 7.299

6.  Perineal ultrasound: an alternative for radiography for evaluating stress urinary incontinence in females.

Authors:  P J Kiilholma; J I Mäkinen; Y A Pitkänen; M J Varpula
Journal:  Ann Chir Gynaecol Suppl       Date:  1994

7.  The role of transperineal ultrasound in the evaluation of stress urinary incontinence cases.

Authors:  Alper Turkoglu; Ayse Deniz Erturk Coskun; Sevcan Arzu Arinkan; Fisun Vural
Journal:  Int Braz J Urol       Date:  2022 Jan-Feb       Impact factor: 1.541

  7 in total

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