Ita Daryanti Saragih1, Santo Imanuel Tonapa2, Ice Septriani Saragih3, Bih-O Lee4. 1. College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. 2. College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Nursing, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia. Electronic address: santo.imanuel@unsrat.ac.id. 3. Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, STIkes Santa Elisabeth Medan, Indonesia. 4. College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan. Electronic address: biholee@kmu.edu.tw.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) has been used to improve cognitive function and reduce negative emotions. However, the efficacy of CST among the dementia population remains inconclusive. AIM: To analyze the efficacy of the CST among people with dementia. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using the Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, OVID (UpToDate), and Web of Science databases from the inception to October 18, 2021. The revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to calculate the pooled effects of CST. Stata 16.0 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 26 studies were included. Overall, CST increased cognitive function (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66 to 1.28) and decreased depression (SMD: -0.18; 95% CI: -0.33 to -0.04). No significant effects were found for neuropsychiatric symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive stimulation therapy effectively improves cognitive function and alleviates depression levels among people with mild-to-moderate dementia. Futures studies can consider a protocol combined with a rigorous study design to address the effects of CST.
BACKGROUND: Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) has been used to improve cognitive function and reduce negative emotions. However, the efficacy of CST among the dementia population remains inconclusive. AIM: To analyze the efficacy of the CST among people with dementia. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using the Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, OVID (UpToDate), and Web of Science databases from the inception to October 18, 2021. The revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to calculate the pooled effects of CST. Stata 16.0 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 26 studies were included. Overall, CST increased cognitive function (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66 to 1.28) and decreased depression (SMD: -0.18; 95% CI: -0.33 to -0.04). No significant effects were found for neuropsychiatric symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive stimulation therapy effectively improves cognitive function and alleviates depression levels among people with mild-to-moderate dementia. Futures studies can consider a protocol combined with a rigorous study design to address the effects of CST.
Authors: Isabel Gil; Paulo Santos-Costa; Elzbieta Bobrowicz-Campos; Rosa Silva; Maria de Lurdes Almeida; João Apóstolo Journal: Nurs Rep Date: 2022-05-02