Christine E Brichta1,2, Jennie Godwin3, Sally Norlin2, Pamela J Kling4,5. 1. Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. 2. UnityPoint Health Meriter, Madison, WI, USA. 3. Pediatrics, Children's Mercy and University of Kansas and formerly, Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. 4. Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. pkling@wisc.edu. 5. UnityPoint Health Meriter, Madison, WI, USA. pkling@wisc.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Examine interactions between perinatal risk factors for congenital iron deficiency (ID) using two cohorts. STUDY DESIGN: Iron status in a composite 767-member cord blood cohort and a NICU cohort of 257 infants < 33 weeks of gestation or small for gestational age (SGA). Risks for ID were examined. Cord ferritin levels < 84 µg/L defined congenital ID. Serum ferritin < 70 µg/L defined infantile ID at one-month. RESULTS: 31% of the cord cohort had congenital ID; risks summative (p < 0.0015). 16% of the NICU cohort had infantile ID; risks not summative. However, 32% had ID if the ferritin threshold was 100 µg/L. Being both preterm (p < 0.0001) and SGA (p < 0.05) negatively impacted cord iron status. Maternal hypertension was a novel predictor of iron status (p = 0.023 in preterm cord; p < 0.0025 in NICU). CONCLUSION: Summing risks in term and understanding compounding risks in preterm infants can improve screening and management of ID in at-risk infants.
OBJECTIVE: Examine interactions between perinatal risk factors for congenital iron deficiency (ID) using two cohorts. STUDY DESIGN: Iron status in a composite 767-member cord blood cohort and a NICU cohort of 257 infants < 33 weeks of gestation or small for gestational age (SGA). Risks for ID were examined. Cord ferritin levels < 84 µg/L defined congenital ID. Serum ferritin < 70 µg/L defined infantile ID at one-month. RESULTS: 31% of the cord cohort had congenital ID; risks summative (p < 0.0015). 16% of the NICU cohort had infantile ID; risks not summative. However, 32% had ID if the ferritin threshold was 100 µg/L. Being both preterm (p < 0.0001) and SGA (p < 0.05) negatively impacted cord iron status. Maternal hypertension was a novel predictor of iron status (p = 0.023 in preterm cord; p < 0.0025 in NICU). CONCLUSION: Summing risks in term and understanding compounding risks in preterm infants can improve screening and management of ID in at-risk infants.
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