Lu Liu1,2,3,4,5, Chengcheng Zhu1,2,3,4,5, Ying Yuan1,2,3,4,5, Xiaojun Hu1,2,3,4,5, Chaoyue Chen1, Hong Zhu1,2,3,4,5, Bilian Ke1,2,3,4,5. 1. Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. 2. National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China. 3. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China. 4. Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China. 5. Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To characterize the choroidal vasculature in high myopic eyes by three-dimensional choroidal vascularity index (CVI) using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study of 98 right eyes from 98 consecutive nonpathological myopic patients, including 46 high myopes (HM) and 52 low to moderate myopes (LMM). OCT and OCT angiography covering an area of 6 × 6 mm2 centered on the fovea was conducted with a commercially available SS-OCT device. Three-dimensional CVI was defined as the ratio of choroidal vessel volume (CVV) to total choroidal volume. With the built-in automated quantification software, we assessed choroidal vascular and stromal features: three-dimensional CVI; CVV; choriocapillaris flow density and choroidal stroma volume (CSV) apart from choroidal thickness (CT). RESULTS: Compared to LMM, there was a significant reduction in three-dimensional CVI, CVV and CSV along with choroidal thinning in HM at both subfoveal and macular regions (all P < .01). The nasal quadrant had both the lowest CVI and the thinnest choroid. The greatest CVI was at the subfovea, while the choroid at the subfovea was thinner than that at the superior, temporal, and inferior quadrants. Multiple linear regression indicated that choroidal characteristics (CVI, CVV, CSV, CT) were mainly negatively correlated with axial length (all P < .01) instead of myopic spherical equivalent (all P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: Besides two-dimensional choroidal thinning, we also found the axial length-related reduction of three-dimensional choroidal vessel and stroma components in high myopic eyes without myopic maculopathy. The quadrantal distribution characteristics of three-dimensional CVI indicate the subfovea and the nasal quadrant to be the essential quadrants for monitoring the choroidal vasculature alteration in the progression of myopia. The novel quantitative analyses of the choroidal vasculature by three-dimensional CVI may help to characterize the underlying pathophysiology of nonpathological high myopia.
PURPOSE: To characterize the choroidal vasculature in high myopic eyes by three-dimensional choroidal vascularity index (CVI) using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study of 98 right eyes from 98 consecutive nonpathological myopic patients, including 46 high myopes (HM) and 52 low to moderate myopes (LMM). OCT and OCT angiography covering an area of 6 × 6 mm2 centered on the fovea was conducted with a commercially available SS-OCT device. Three-dimensional CVI was defined as the ratio of choroidal vessel volume (CVV) to total choroidal volume. With the built-in automated quantification software, we assessed choroidal vascular and stromal features: three-dimensional CVI; CVV; choriocapillaris flow density and choroidal stroma volume (CSV) apart from choroidal thickness (CT). RESULTS: Compared to LMM, there was a significant reduction in three-dimensional CVI, CVV and CSV along with choroidal thinning in HM at both subfoveal and macular regions (all P < .01). The nasal quadrant had both the lowest CVI and the thinnest choroid. The greatest CVI was at the subfovea, while the choroid at the subfovea was thinner than that at the superior, temporal, and inferior quadrants. Multiple linear regression indicated that choroidal characteristics (CVI, CVV, CSV, CT) were mainly negatively correlated with axial length (all P < .01) instead of myopic spherical equivalent (all P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: Besides two-dimensional choroidal thinning, we also found the axial length-related reduction of three-dimensional choroidal vessel and stroma components in high myopic eyes without myopic maculopathy. The quadrantal distribution characteristics of three-dimensional CVI indicate the subfovea and the nasal quadrant to be the essential quadrants for monitoring the choroidal vasculature alteration in the progression of myopia. The novel quantitative analyses of the choroidal vasculature by three-dimensional CVI may help to characterize the underlying pathophysiology of nonpathological high myopia.
Entities:
Keywords:
High myopia; choroidal thickness; swept-source optical coherence tomography; three-dimensional choroidal vascularity index