V Bonavolontà1, L Cianferotti2, G Iolascon3, A Moretti3, M L Brandi4, F Fischetti1, A Lenzi5, C Baldari6, S Migliaccio7. 1. Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy. 2. Bone Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy. 3. Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy. 4. Fondazione Firmo, Firenze, Italy. 5. Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, Roma, Italy. 6. Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, Roma, Italy. 7. Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University Foro Italico of Roma, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00195, Roma, Italy. silvia.migliaccio@uniroma4.it.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hypoparathyroidism (HypoP) is a rare endocrine condition characterized by hypocalcaemia and hyperphosphatemia, as a consequence of absent or improperly low parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Patients affected by HypoP have a clinical condition often characterized by paresthesias and muscle spasms, as well as long-term consequences as nephrolithiasis, extraskeletal calcification, and fractures. In the literature, likely due to these symptoms, few data exist regarding the appropriate physical activity (PA) in subjects suffering from HypoP. PURPOSE: This review evaluates the literature on exercise-based approaches to the management of individuals affected by HypoP and evaluates: (1) the effects of physical exercise on muscle cramps and other clinical symptoms; (2) the effects of exercise on PTH and calcium level; (3) the most suitable clinical exercise testing; and (4) the most suitable exercise combination. METHODS AND RESULTS: A systematic search was conducted using the databases MEDLINE, Google Scholar using "hypoparathyroidism AND Physical Activity", "Training AND hypoparathyroidism", "Exercise AND muscle cramps", "Exercise AND Fatigue" as keywords. In addition, references list from the included articles were searched and cross-checked to identify any further potentially eligible studies. A total of 50 manuscripts were found among which 39 manuscripts were selected. A few clinical studies have been performed in HypoP patients to evaluate PA training protocols. CONCLUSION: Although further research is needed to draw solid conclusions regarding best PA protocols in subjects affected by HypoP, a PA protocol has been proposed within the manuscript to encourage patients to attempt exercise to improve their clinical conditions and their quality of life.
BACKGROUND: Hypoparathyroidism (HypoP) is a rare endocrine condition characterized by hypocalcaemia and hyperphosphatemia, as a consequence of absent or improperly low parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Patients affected by HypoP have a clinical condition often characterized by paresthesias and muscle spasms, as well as long-term consequences as nephrolithiasis, extraskeletal calcification, and fractures. In the literature, likely due to these symptoms, few data exist regarding the appropriate physical activity (PA) in subjects suffering from HypoP. PURPOSE: This review evaluates the literature on exercise-based approaches to the management of individuals affected by HypoP and evaluates: (1) the effects of physical exercise on muscle cramps and other clinical symptoms; (2) the effects of exercise on PTH and calcium level; (3) the most suitable clinical exercise testing; and (4) the most suitable exercise combination. METHODS AND RESULTS: A systematic search was conducted using the databases MEDLINE, Google Scholar using "hypoparathyroidism AND Physical Activity", "Training AND hypoparathyroidism", "Exercise AND muscle cramps", "Exercise AND Fatigue" as keywords. In addition, references list from the included articles were searched and cross-checked to identify any further potentially eligible studies. A total of 50 manuscripts were found among which 39 manuscripts were selected. A few clinical studies have been performed in HypoP patients to evaluate PA training protocols. CONCLUSION: Although further research is needed to draw solid conclusions regarding best PA protocols in subjects affected by HypoP, a PA protocol has been proposed within the manuscript to encourage patients to attempt exercise to improve their clinical conditions and their quality of life.
Authors: John P Bilezikian; Aliya Khan; John T Potts; Maria Luisa Brandi; Bart L Clarke; Dolores Shoback; Harald Jüppner; Pierre D'Amour; John Fox; Lars Rejnmark; Leif Mosekilde; Mishaela R Rubin; David Dempster; Rachel Gafni; Michael T Collins; Jim Sliney; James Sanders Journal: J Bone Miner Res Date: 2011-10 Impact factor: 6.741
Authors: Wiebke Arlt; Christian Fremerey; Frank Callies; Martin Reincke; Peter Schneider; Wolfgang Timmermann; Bruno Allolio Journal: Eur J Endocrinol Date: 2002-02 Impact factor: 6.664
Authors: Natalie E Cusano; Mishaela R Rubin; Donald J McMahon; Dinaz Irani; Amanda Tulley; James Sliney; John P Bilezikian Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2013-04-17 Impact factor: 5.958