Literature DB >> 35119604

Eye Gaze in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review of Neural Evidence for the Eye Avoidance Hypothesis.

Nicole Stuart1, Andrew Whitehouse2, Romina Palermo3, Ellen Bothe3, Nicholas Badcock3.   

Abstract

Reduced eye contact early in life may play a role in the developmental pathways that culminate in a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. However, there are contradictory theories regarding the neural mechanisms involved. According to the amygdala theory of autism, reduced eye contact results from a hypoactive amygdala that fails to flag eyes as salient. However, the eye avoidance hypothesis proposes the opposite-that amygdala hyperactivity causes eye avoidance. This review evaluated studies that measured the relationship between eye gaze and activity in the 'social brain' when viewing facial stimuli. Of the reviewed studies, eight of eleven supported the eye avoidance hypothesis. These results suggest eye avoidance may be used to reduce amygdala-related hyperarousal among people on the autism spectrum.
© 2022. The Author(s).

Entities:  

Keywords:  Amygdala; Autism spectrum disorder; Eye avoidance; Eye gaze; Social brain

Year:  2022        PMID： 35119604     DOI： 10.1007/s10803-022-05443-z

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  J Autism Dev Disord        ISSN： 0162-3257


  120 in total

1.  Contribution of the anteromedial temporal lobes to the evaluation of facial emotion.

Authors:  A K Anderson; D D Spencer; R K Fulbright; E A Phelps
Journal:  Neuropsychology       Date:  2000-10       Impact factor: 3.295

2.  Social intelligence in the normal and autistic brain: an fMRI study.

Authors:  S Baron-Cohen; H A Ring; S Wheelwright; E T Bullmore; M J Brammer; A Simmons; S C Williams
Journal:  Eur J Neurosci       Date:  1999-06       Impact factor: 3.386

3.  A randomized controlled trial of Hanen's 'More Than Words' in toddlers with early autism symptoms.

Authors:  Alice S Carter; Daniel S Messinger; Wendy L Stone; Seniz Celimli; Allison S Nahmias; Paul Yoder
Journal:  J Child Psychol Psychiatry       Date:  2011-03-22       Impact factor: 8.982

4.  The role of alexithymia in reduced eye-fixation in Autism Spectrum Conditions.

Authors:  Geoffrey Bird; Clare Press; Daniel C Richardson
Journal:  J Autism Dev Disord       Date:  2011-11

5.  Face processing impairments after encephalitis: amygdala damage and recognition of fear.

Authors:  P Broks; A W Young; E J Maratos; P J Coffey; A J Calder; C L Isaac; A R Mayes; J R Hodges; D Montaldi; E Cezayirli; N Roberts; D Hadley
Journal:  Neuropsychologia       Date:  1998-01       Impact factor: 3.139

Review 6.  The social brain in adolescence.

Authors:  Sarah-Jayne Blakemore
Journal:  Nat Rev Neurosci       Date:  2008-04       Impact factor: 34.870

7.  Impaired recognition of social emotions following amygdala damage.

Authors:  Ralph Adolphs; Simon Baron-Cohen; Daniel Tranel
Journal:  J Cogn Neurosci       Date:  2002-11-15       Impact factor: 3.225

8.  Brain anatomy of autism spectrum disorders II. Focus on amygdala.

Authors:  M Bellani; S Calderoni; F Muratori; P Brambilla
Journal:  Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci       Date:  2013-07-02       Impact factor: 6.892

9.  Impaired recognition of negative basic emotions in autism: a test of the amygdala theory.

Authors:  Chris Ashwin; Emma Chapman; Livia Colle; Simon Baron-Cohen
Journal:  Soc Neurosci       Date:  2006       Impact factor: 2.083

10.  Mixed emotions: the contribution of alexithymia to the emotional symptoms of autism.

Authors:  G Bird; R Cook
Journal:  Transl Psychiatry       Date:  2013-07-23       Impact factor: 6.222
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  1 in total

1.  Discrepancy between high non-verbal intelligence and low accuracy at reading emotional expressions in the eyes reflects the magnitude of social-emotional difficulties in autism.

Authors:  Nouchine Hadjikhani; Martyna Galazka; Tal Kenet; Robert Joseph; Jakob Åsberg Johnels
Journal:  Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci       Date:  2022-08-18       Impact factor: 5.760
  1 in total

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