Empirical Matching, Matching Theory, and an Evolutionary Theory of Behavior Dynamics in Clinical Application.

This article provides an overview of highlights from 60 years of basic research on choice that are relevant to the assessment and treatment of clinical problems. The quantitative relations developed in this research provide useful information about a variety of clinical problems including aggressive, antisocial, and delinquent behavior, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder, chronic pain syndrome, intellectual disabilities, pedophilia, and self-injurious behavior. A recent development in this field is an evolutionary theory of behavior dynamics that is used to animate artificial organisms (AOs). The behavior of AOs animated by the theory has been shown to conform to the quantitative relations that have been developed in the choice literature over the years, which means that the theory generates these relations as emergent outcomes, and therefore provides a theoretical basis for them. The theory has also been used to create AOs that exhibit specific psychopathological behavior, the assessment and treatment of which has been studied virtually. This modeling of psychopathological behavior has contributed to our understanding of the nature and treatment of the problems in humans. © Association for Behavior Analysis International 2021.