Maria Lucia Mangialardi1,2, Monica Zena3,4, Ilaria Baldelli1,2, Stefano Spinaci1,2, Edoardo Raposio1,2. 1. Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa Liguria, Italy. 2. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico per l'Oncologia, Genoa Liguria, Italy. 3. Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa Liguria, Italy. monicazena91@gmail.com. 4. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico per l'Oncologia, Genoa Liguria, Italy. monicazena91@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Massive weight loss (MWL) has a positive impact on the comorbidities associated with obesity but leaves patients with ongoing body issues due to skin excess. Almost all patients present some degree of breast ptosis and breast volume deficiency, which can be addressed with different techniques including autologous flaps. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A literature search was conducted by using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases. Patient's characteristics, type of bariatric surgery, amount of weight loss, flap size and design, simultaneous breast and extra-breast procedures were analyzed. Aesthetic and patient-reported outcomes, postoperative complications, revision rate, and donor site morbidity were also registered. RESULTS: Twelve articles fulfilled inclusion criteria, and 79 patients were included, for a total of 157 flaps. Different flap designs and flap combinations were described; those originating from lateral chest wall area were the most commonly used. Simultaneous breast procedures were reported in 72 patients. Simultaneous extra-breast body contouring (BC) procedure was performed in 40 cases. The overall complication rate was 9.55% and a total of ten revisionary procedures were performed. Satisfaction of the patients was globally quite high. CONCLUSIONS: Advantages of the use of autologous tissue in breast reshaping after MWL is the avoidance of implant-related complications and the simultaneous improvement of the silhouette. The complication rate resulted in acceptable, aesthetic, and patient-reported outcomes resulted to be encouraging, even if there was a lack of standardization in the evaluation. A comparative randomized study to confront the use of autologous flaps combined with mastopexy versus the use of implants combined with mastopexy can be useful to confirm the promising results. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
BACKGROUND: Massive weight loss (MWL) has a positive impact on the comorbidities associated with obesity but leaves patients with ongoing body issues due to skin excess. Almost all patients present some degree of breast ptosis and breast volume deficiency, which can be addressed with different techniques including autologous flaps. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A literature search was conducted by using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases. Patient's characteristics, type of bariatric surgery, amount of weight loss, flap size and design, simultaneous breast and extra-breast procedures were analyzed. Aesthetic and patient-reported outcomes, postoperative complications, revision rate, and donor site morbidity were also registered. RESULTS: Twelve articles fulfilled inclusion criteria, and 79 patients were included, for a total of 157 flaps. Different flap designs and flap combinations were described; those originating from lateral chest wall area were the most commonly used. Simultaneous breast procedures were reported in 72 patients. Simultaneous extra-breast body contouring (BC) procedure was performed in 40 cases. The overall complication rate was 9.55% and a total of ten revisionary procedures were performed. Satisfaction of the patients was globally quite high. CONCLUSIONS: Advantages of the use of autologous tissue in breast reshaping after MWL is the avoidance of implant-related complications and the simultaneous improvement of the silhouette. The complication rate resulted in acceptable, aesthetic, and patient-reported outcomes resulted to be encouraging, even if there was a lack of standardization in the evaluation. A comparative randomized study to confront the use of autologous flaps combined with mastopexy versus the use of implants combined with mastopexy can be useful to confirm the promising results. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
Authors: Alyssa J Reiffel; Natalia Jimenez; Whitney A Burrell; Yoann H Millet; Briar L Dent; Alfons Pomp; Gregory F Dakin; Jason A Spector Journal: Ann Plast Surg Date: 2013-03 Impact factor: 1.539
Authors: Rodrigo I Rocha; Wilson Cintra Junior; Miguel L A Modolin; Giulia G Takahashi; Elia T E G Caldini; Rolf Gemperli Journal: Obes Surg Date: 2020-11-04 Impact factor: 4.129
Authors: C E E de Vries; M C Kalff; E M van Praag; J M G Florisson; M J P F Ritt; R N van Veen; S M M de Castro Journal: Obes Surg Date: 2020-03 Impact factor: 4.129