S Ahmed Hassan1,2,3, Leandro Viçosa Bonetti4,5,6, Karina Tamy Kasawara4, Deryk S Beal7,8,9, Dmitry Rozenberg10,11, W Darlene Reid4,7,12,13. 1. Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. ahmeds.hassan@mail.utoronto.ca. 2. Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. ahmeds.hassan@mail.utoronto.ca. 3. Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College St 4th Floor, Toronto, ON, Canada. ahmeds.hassan@mail.utoronto.ca. 4. Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. 5. Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Universidade de Caxias Do Sul, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. 6. Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade de Caxias Do Sul, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. 7. Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. 8. Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. 9. Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. 10. Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Division of Respirology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. 11. Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. 12. KITE-Toronto Rehab-University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. 13. Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To contrast older and younger adults' prefrontal cortex (PFC) neural activity (through changes in oxygenated hemoglobin) during single and dual tasks, and to compare decrements in task performance. METHODS: Changes in oxygenated hemoglobin of dorsolateral PFC were monitored using functional near-infrared spectroscopy during single tasks of spelling backwards (cognitive task) and 30 m preferred paced walk; and a dual task combining both. Gait velocity was measured by a pressure sensitive mat. RESULTS: Twenty sex-matched younger (27.6 ± 3.5 years) and 17 older adults (71.2 ± 4.9 years) were recruited. The left PFC oxygenated hemoglobin decreased from start (1st quintile) to the end (5th quintile) of the walking task in younger adults ( - 0.03 ± 0.03 to - 0.72 ± 0.20 µM; p < .05) unlike the non-significant change in older adults (0.03 ± 0.06 to - 0.41 ± 0.32 µM, p > .05). Overall, oxygenation increased bilaterally during dual versus single walk task in older adults (Left PFC: 0.22 ± 0.16 vs. - 0.23 ± 0.21 µM, respectively; Right PFC: 0.17 ± 0.18 vs. - 0.33 ± 0.22 µM, respectively), but only in right PFC in younger adults ( - 0.02 ± 0.15 vs. - 0.47 ± 0.13 µM). Older adults exhibited lower velocity during the dual task compared to younger adults (1.03 ± 0.16 vs. 1.20 ± 0.17 m/s, respectively). Older age was associated with dual task cost on velocity during walking after adjusting for confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS: Age-related cognitive decline in older adults may increase neural activity for cognitive tasks and diminish walking automaticity that may lead to decrements during dual tasking; the greater PFC increases in the oxygenated hemoglobin and lower velocity may be due to increased cognitive load and limited attentional resources.
PURPOSE: To contrast older and younger adults' prefrontal cortex (PFC) neural activity (through changes in oxygenated hemoglobin) during single and dual tasks, and to compare decrements in task performance. METHODS: Changes in oxygenated hemoglobin of dorsolateral PFC were monitored using functional near-infrared spectroscopy during single tasks of spelling backwards (cognitive task) and 30 m preferred paced walk; and a dual task combining both. Gait velocity was measured by a pressure sensitive mat. RESULTS: Twenty sex-matched younger (27.6 ± 3.5 years) and 17 older adults (71.2 ± 4.9 years) were recruited. The left PFC oxygenated hemoglobin decreased from start (1st quintile) to the end (5th quintile) of the walking task in younger adults ( - 0.03 ± 0.03 to - 0.72 ± 0.20 µM; p < .05) unlike the non-significant change in older adults (0.03 ± 0.06 to - 0.41 ± 0.32 µM, p > .05). Overall, oxygenation increased bilaterally during dual versus single walk task in older adults (Left PFC: 0.22 ± 0.16 vs. - 0.23 ± 0.21 µM, respectively; Right PFC: 0.17 ± 0.18 vs. - 0.33 ± 0.22 µM, respectively), but only in right PFC in younger adults ( - 0.02 ± 0.15 vs. - 0.47 ± 0.13 µM). Older adults exhibited lower velocity during the dual task compared to younger adults (1.03 ± 0.16 vs. 1.20 ± 0.17 m/s, respectively). Older age was associated with dual task cost on velocity during walking after adjusting for confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS: Age-related cognitive decline in older adults may increase neural activity for cognitive tasks and diminish walking automaticity that may lead to decrements during dual tasking; the greater PFC increases in the oxygenated hemoglobin and lower velocity may be due to increased cognitive load and limited attentional resources.
Authors: Daniel T Corp; George J Youssef; Ross A Clark; Joyce Gomes-Osman; Meryem A Yücel; Stuart J Oldham; Shatha Aldraiwiesh; Jordyn Rice; Alvaro Pascual-Leone; Mark A Rogers Journal: Exp Gerontol Date: 2018-09-24 Impact factor: 4.032
Authors: Roberto Cabeza; Marilyn Albert; Sylvie Belleville; Fergus I M Craik; Audrey Duarte; Cheryl L Grady; Ulman Lindenberger; Lars Nyberg; Denise C Park; Patricia A Reuter-Lorenz; Michael D Rugg; Jason Steffener; M Natasha Rajah Journal: Nat Rev Neurosci Date: 2018-11 Impact factor: 34.870
Authors: S Ahmed Hassan; Leandro Viçosa Bonetti; Karina Tamy Kasawara; Matthew B Stanbrook; Dmitry Rozenberg; W Darlene Reid Journal: Cells Date: 2022-05-11 Impact factor: 7.666