Lorenzo Lippi1, Alessandro de Sire2,3, Kamal Mezian4, Claudio Curci5, Luca Perrero6, Alessio Turco6, Silvia Andaloro7,8, Antonio Ammendolia9, Nicola Fusco7,10, Marco Invernizzi1,11. 1. Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy. 2. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy. alessandro.desire@unicz.it. 3. Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy. alessandro.desire@unicz.it. 4. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. 5. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, ASST Carlo Poma, Mantova, Italy. 6. Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy. 7. Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy. 8. Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnologies, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. 9. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy. 10. Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. 11. Dipartimento Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione (DAIRI), Translational Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Previous evidence showed that cellular aging is a multifactorial process that is associated with decline in mitochondrial function. Physical exercise has been proposed as an effective and safe therapeutical intervention to improve the mitochondria network in the adult myocytes. AIMS: The aim of this systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to assess the exercise-induced muscle mitochondria modifications in older adults, underlining the differences related to different exercise modalities. METHODS: On November 28th, 2021, five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and PEDro) were systematically searched for RCTs to include articles with: healthy older people as participants; physical exercise (endurance training (ET), resistance training (RT), and combined training (CT)) as intervention; other different exercise modalities or physical inactivity as comparator; mitochondrial modifications (quality, density and dynamics, oxidative, and antioxidant capacity) as outcomes. The quality assessment was performed according to the PEDro scale; the bias risk was evaluated by Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool. RESULTS: Out of 2940 records, 6 studies were included (2 assessing ET, 2 RT, 1 CT, and 1 both ET and RT). Taken together, 164 elderly subjects were included in the present systematic review. Significant positive effects were reported in terms of mitochondrial quality, density, dynamics, oxidative and antioxidant capacity, even though with different degrees according to the exercise type. The quality assessment reported one good-quality study, whereas the other five studies had a fair quality. DISCUSSION: The overall low quality of the studies on this topic indicate that further research is needed. CONCLUSION: RT seems to be the most studied physical exercise modality improving mitochondrial density and dynamics, while ET have been related to mitochondrial antioxidant capacity improvements. However, these exercise-induced specific effects should be better explored in older people.
BACKGROUND: Previous evidence showed that cellular aging is a multifactorial process that is associated with decline in mitochondrial function. Physical exercise has been proposed as an effective and safe therapeutical intervention to improve the mitochondria network in the adult myocytes. AIMS: The aim of this systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to assess the exercise-induced muscle mitochondria modifications in older adults, underlining the differences related to different exercise modalities. METHODS: On November 28th, 2021, five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and PEDro) were systematically searched for RCTs to include articles with: healthy older people as participants; physical exercise (endurance training (ET), resistance training (RT), and combined training (CT)) as intervention; other different exercise modalities or physical inactivity as comparator; mitochondrial modifications (quality, density and dynamics, oxidative, and antioxidant capacity) as outcomes. The quality assessment was performed according to the PEDro scale; the bias risk was evaluated by Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool. RESULTS: Out of 2940 records, 6 studies were included (2 assessing ET, 2 RT, 1 CT, and 1 both ET and RT). Taken together, 164 elderly subjects were included in the present systematic review. Significant positive effects were reported in terms of mitochondrial quality, density, dynamics, oxidative and antioxidant capacity, even though with different degrees according to the exercise type. The quality assessment reported one good-quality study, whereas the other five studies had a fair quality. DISCUSSION: The overall low quality of the studies on this topic indicate that further research is needed. CONCLUSION: RT seems to be the most studied physical exercise modality improving mitochondrial density and dynamics, while ET have been related to mitochondrial antioxidant capacity improvements. However, these exercise-induced specific effects should be better explored in older people.
Authors: Svetlana Ukraintseva; Konstantin Arbeev; Matt Duan; Igor Akushevich; Alexander Kulminski; Eric Stallard; Anatoliy Yashin Journal: Mech Ageing Dev Date: 2020-12-16 Impact factor: 5.432
Authors: Allen Herbst; Cathy C Lee; Amy R Vandiver; Judd M Aiken; Debbie McKenzie; Austin Hoang; David Allison; Nianjun Liu; Jonathan Wanagat Journal: Aging Clin Exp Res Date: 2020-09-23 Impact factor: 4.481