Ahmet Koyuncu1, Tuğba Ayan2, Ezgi Ince Guliyev3, Seda Erbilgin4, Erdem Deveci5. 1. Academy Social Phobia Center, Atatürk Mah, İkitelli Cad, No:126 A, Daire:6 Küçükçekmece, Istanbul, Turkey. ahmet_koyu@hotmail.com. 2. Department of Clinical Psychology, Boğaziçi University, Bebek, 34342, Beşiktaş, İstanbul, Turkey. 3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences Erenköy Training and Research Hospital for Mental and Neurological Disorders, 19 Mayıs, Sinan Ercan Cd. No:23, Kadıköy, İstanbul, 34736, Turkey. 4. Department of Child Development, Istanbul Gelişim University, Istanbul, Turkey. 5. Department of Psychiatry, Medipol Mega University Hospital, TEM Avrupa Otoyolu Göztepe Çıkışı No:, D:1, Bağcılar, İstanbul, Turkey.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: In this review, we focus on overlapping features of ADHD and anxiety disorders, and will discuss how an anxiety disorder comorbidity leads to diagnostic and treatment challenges in patients with ADHD, in consideration of the accumulated available knowledge. RECENT FINDINGS: The presence of overlapping symptoms, changes in the diagnostic criteria, and the use of divergent diagnostic tools and informant effects can complicate the diagnosis of this comorbidity. Due to the ongoing debate about the etiology, psychopathology, and diagnostic features of the association between ADHD and anxiety disorders, choosing appropriate treatment options emerges as a challenge. A novel methodology, standardized interview tools, and new statistical analysis methods are needed to define the phenotype of this co-occurrence more clearly. It is important to uncover the developmental nature of this comorbidity with follow-up studies that may explain the etiology and underlying neurobiological basis, and ultimately lead to more effective treatment approaches.
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: In this review, we focus on overlapping features of ADHD and anxiety disorders, and will discuss how an anxiety disorder comorbidity leads to diagnostic and treatment challenges in patients with ADHD, in consideration of the accumulated available knowledge. RECENT FINDINGS: The presence of overlapping symptoms, changes in the diagnostic criteria, and the use of divergent diagnostic tools and informant effects can complicate the diagnosis of this comorbidity. Due to the ongoing debate about the etiology, psychopathology, and diagnostic features of the association between ADHD and anxiety disorders, choosing appropriate treatment options emerges as a challenge. A novel methodology, standardized interview tools, and new statistical analysis methods are needed to define the phenotype of this co-occurrence more clearly. It is important to uncover the developmental nature of this comorbidity with follow-up studies that may explain the etiology and underlying neurobiological basis, and ultimately lead to more effective treatment approaches.
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