Clemens Kamrath1, Joachim Rosenbauer2,3, Alexander J Eckert3,4, Kai Siedler5, Heike Bartelt6, Daniela Klose7, Marina Sindichakis8, Silke Herrlinger9, Valentina Lahn10, Reinhard W Holl3,4. 1. Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany. 2. Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. 3. German Center for Diabetes Research, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany. 4. Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Central Institute of Biomedical Technology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany. 5. Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helios Clinics Pforzheim, Pforzheim, Germany. 6. Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. 7. University Children's Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. 8. Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Klinikum Traunstein, Traunstein, Germany. 9. Professor Hess Parent-Child Center, Bremen Central Clinic, Bremen, Germany. 10. Altonaer Kinderkrankenhaus, Hamburg, Germany.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Germany compared with previous years. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Based on data from the multicenter German Diabetes Prospective Follow-up Registry, we analyzed the incidence of type 1 diabetes per 100,000 patient-years in children and adolescents from 1 January 2020 through 30 June 2021. Using Poisson regression models, expected incidences for 2020/21 were estimated based on the data from 2011 to 2019 and compared with observed incidences in 2020/21 by estimating incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% CIs. RESULTS: From 1 January 2020 to 30 June 2021, 5,162 children and adolescents with new-onset type 1 diabetes in Germany were registered. The observed incidence in 2020/21 was significantly higher than the expected incidence (24.4 [95% CI 23.6-25.2] vs. 21.2 [20.5-21.9]; IRR 1.15 [1.10-1.20]; P < 0.001). IRRs were significantly elevated in June 2020 (IRR 1.43 [1.07-1.90]; P = 0.003), July 2020 (IRR 1.48 [1.12-1.96]; P < 0.001), March 2021 (IRR 1.29 [1.01-1.65]; P = 0.028), and June 2021 (IRR 1.39 [1.04-1.85]; P = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS: A significant increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in children was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a delay in the peak incidence of type 1 diabetes by ∼3 months after the peak COVID-19 incidence and also after pandemic containment measures. The underlying causes are yet unknown. However, indirect rather than direct effects of the pandemic are more likely to be the cause.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Germany compared with previous years. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Based on data from the multicenter German Diabetes Prospective Follow-up Registry, we analyzed the incidence of type 1 diabetes per 100,000 patient-years in children and adolescents from 1 January 2020 through 30 June 2021. Using Poisson regression models, expected incidences for 2020/21 were estimated based on the data from 2011 to 2019 and compared with observed incidences in 2020/21 by estimating incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% CIs. RESULTS: From 1 January 2020 to 30 June 2021, 5,162 children and adolescents with new-onset type 1 diabetes in Germany were registered. The observed incidence in 2020/21 was significantly higher than the expected incidence (24.4 [95% CI 23.6-25.2] vs. 21.2 [20.5-21.9]; IRR 1.15 [1.10-1.20]; P < 0.001). IRRs were significantly elevated in June 2020 (IRR 1.43 [1.07-1.90]; P = 0.003), July 2020 (IRR 1.48 [1.12-1.96]; P < 0.001), March 2021 (IRR 1.29 [1.01-1.65]; P = 0.028), and June 2021 (IRR 1.39 [1.04-1.85]; P = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS: A significant increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in children was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a delay in the peak incidence of type 1 diabetes by ∼3 months after the peak COVID-19 incidence and also after pandemic containment measures. The underlying causes are yet unknown. However, indirect rather than direct effects of the pandemic are more likely to be the cause.
Authors: Clemens Kamrath; Joachim Rosenbauer; Alexander J Eckert; Ute Ohlenschläger; Carmen Sydlik; Nicole Nellen-Hellmuth; Reinhard W Holl Journal: Pediatr Diabetes Date: 2022-04-10 Impact factor: 3.409
Authors: Verena van der Heide; Sonia Jangra; Phillip Cohen; Raveen Rathnasinghe; Sadaf Aslam; Teresa Aydillo; Daniel Geanon; Diana Handler; Geoffrey Kelley; Brian Lee; Adeeb Rahman; Travis Dawson; Jingjing Qi; Darwin D'Souza; Seunghee Kim-Schulze; Julia K Panzer; Alejandro Caicedo; Irina Kusmartseva; Amanda L Posgai; Mark A Atkinson; Randy A Albrecht; Adolfo García-Sastre; Brad R Rosenberg; Michael Schotsaert; Dirk Homann Journal: Cell Rep Date: 2022-02-21 Impact factor: 9.995