Wah-Tin Tiew1,2, Rajendra P Janapatla3, Yi-Jung Chang1, Yi-Ching Chen1, Hsin-Ping Yang3, Lin-Hui Su3, Chyi-Liang Chen3, Cheng-Hsun Chiu4,5. 1. Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyüan, Taiwan. 2. Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia. 3. Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyüan, Taiwan. 4. Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyüan, Taiwan. chchiu@adm.cgmh.org.tw. 5. Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyüan, Taiwan. chchiu@adm.cgmh.org.tw.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Antimicrobial resistance of nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) is a threat to public health worldwide. METHODS: A study on longitudinally collected NTS isolates from a medical center in Taiwan from 2011 to 2019 was undertaken. The multidrug resistance (MDR) and extensively drug resistance (XDR) phenotypes were determined according to internationally used definitions. Molecular serotyping was performed on the resistant NTS. RESULTS: Notably 16.1% (870/5412) of the isolates were MDR, while XDR accounted for 2.1% (111/5412). Both MDR and XDR NTS have increased significantly from 2011 to 2019, especially from 2015 to 2017 (MDR from 9.6% in 2015 to 23.1% 2017; XDR from 1.4% in 2016 to 4.7% in 2017). S. Anatum was the commonest NTS serotype expressing MDR and XDR, in 256/559 (45.8%) and 81/111 (73.0%) of the isolates, respectively, followed by S. Typhimurium and S. Goldcoast. Children < 18 years old contributed to 69.0% of all MDR cases and 64.0% of all XDR cases; majority of them aged less than 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing MDR and XDR NTS is a threat to public health. MDR and XDR NTS usually caused gastroenteritis in children < 5 years old. Multiple NTS serotypes expressing MDR and XDR indicate multiple food vehicles involved in the transmission. Proper food hygiene practice should never be over-reinforced.
PURPOSE: Antimicrobial resistance of nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) is a threat to public health worldwide. METHODS: A study on longitudinally collected NTS isolates from a medical center in Taiwan from 2011 to 2019 was undertaken. The multidrug resistance (MDR) and extensively drug resistance (XDR) phenotypes were determined according to internationally used definitions. Molecular serotyping was performed on the resistant NTS. RESULTS: Notably 16.1% (870/5412) of the isolates were MDR, while XDR accounted for 2.1% (111/5412). Both MDR and XDR NTS have increased significantly from 2011 to 2019, especially from 2015 to 2017 (MDR from 9.6% in 2015 to 23.1% 2017; XDR from 1.4% in 2016 to 4.7% in 2017). S. Anatum was the commonest NTS serotype expressing MDR and XDR, in 256/559 (45.8%) and 81/111 (73.0%) of the isolates, respectively, followed by S. Typhimurium and S. Goldcoast. Children < 18 years old contributed to 69.0% of all MDR cases and 64.0% of all XDR cases; majority of them aged less than 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing MDR and XDR NTS is a threat to public health. MDR and XDR NTS usually caused gastroenteritis in children < 5 years old. Multiple NTS serotypes expressing MDR and XDR indicate multiple food vehicles involved in the transmission. Proper food hygiene practice should never be over-reinforced.