Adeline Nyamathi1, Donald Morisky2, Sarah Akure Wall3, Kartik Yadav1, Sangshuk Shin1, Elizabeth Hall4, Alicia H Chang5, Kathryn White6, Nicholas Arce7, Therese Parsa3, Benissa E Salem3. 1. Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California, Irvine, California. 2. Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. 3. School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, California. 4. Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. 5. Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Tuberculosis Control Program, Los Angeles, California. 6. Los Angeles Christian Health Centers, Los Angeles, California. 7. School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, California.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: People experiencing homelessness (PEH) are disproportionately diagnosed with active tuberculosis. While promoting latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment has been a call to action, PEH engaging in substance use often experience challenges in completing LTBI treatment. METHODS: In this non-randomized single arm study, we tested an innovative, community-based, nurse-led community health worker (RN-CHW) model, on reducing drug use among 50 PEH, residing in homeless shelters or living on the streets in Los Angeles. Follow-up was at 3- and 6- months. RESULTS: Findings revealed significant and ongoing decrease in any drug use (odds ratio [OR] = 0.30; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.14-0.68); p = .004), amphetamine use (OR = 0.14; 95% CI = 0.02-0.81; p = .029), cannabis use (OR = 0.26; 95% CI = 0.12-0.57; p = .001) and methamphetamine use (OR = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.10-0.90; p = .031) at 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this pilot study is the first to evaluate the impact a RN-CHW delivered intervention on reduction in drug use among PEH enrolled in a LTBI intervention. LTBI interventions may serve as an entryway into reduction in drug use among this underserved population.
BACKGROUND: People experiencing homelessness (PEH) are disproportionately diagnosed with active tuberculosis. While promoting latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment has been a call to action, PEH engaging in substance use often experience challenges in completing LTBI treatment. METHODS: In this non-randomized single arm study, we tested an innovative, community-based, nurse-led community health worker (RN-CHW) model, on reducing drug use among 50 PEH, residing in homeless shelters or living on the streets in Los Angeles. Follow-up was at 3- and 6- months. RESULTS: Findings revealed significant and ongoing decrease in any drug use (odds ratio [OR] = 0.30; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.14-0.68); p = .004), amphetamine use (OR = 0.14; 95% CI = 0.02-0.81; p = .029), cannabis use (OR = 0.26; 95% CI = 0.12-0.57; p = .001) and methamphetamine use (OR = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.10-0.90; p = .031) at 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this pilot study is the first to evaluate the impact a RN-CHW delivered intervention on reduction in drug use among PEH enrolled in a LTBI intervention. LTBI interventions may serve as an entryway into reduction in drug use among this underserved population.
Authors: Joseph Firth; Najma Siddiqi; Ai Koyanagi; Dan Siskind; Simon Rosenbaum; Cherrie Galletly; Stephanie Allan; Constanza Caneo; Rebekah Carney; Andre F Carvalho; Mary Lou Chatterton; Christoph U Correll; Jackie Curtis; Fiona Gaughran; Adrian Heald; Erin Hoare; Sarah E Jackson; Steve Kisely; Karina Lovell; Mario Maj; Patrick D McGorry; Cathrine Mihalopoulos; Hannah Myles; Brian O'Donoghue; Toby Pillinger; Jerome Sarris; Felipe B Schuch; David Shiers; Lee Smith; Marco Solmi; Shuichi Suetani; Johanna Taylor; Scott B Teasdale; Graham Thornicroft; John Torous; Tim Usherwood; Davy Vancampfort; Nicola Veronese; Philip B Ward; Alison R Yung; Eoin Killackey; Brendon Stubbs Journal: Lancet Psychiatry Date: 2019-07-16 Impact factor: 27.083
Authors: Julie Neisler; Sonakshee Shree; Lorraine R Reitzel; Tzu-An Chen; Darla E Kendzor; Ezemenari M Obasi; Quentaxia Wrighting; Michael S Businelle Journal: Am J Health Behav Date: 2019-01-01
Authors: Allison J Ober; Katherine E Watkins; Colleen M McCullough; Claude M Setodji; Karen Osilla; Sarah B Hunter Journal: J Subst Abuse Treat Date: 2018-04-28
Authors: Benissa E Salem; Erin Klansek; Donald E Morisky; Sanghyuk S Shin; Kartik Yadav; Alicia H Chang; Adeline M Nyamathi Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2020-11-11 Impact factor: 3.390