| Literature DB >> 35004415 |
Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the moderate drinking program based on social cognitive theory on changes in the drinking habits of college students with drinking problems.Entities:
Keywords: Attitude; Drinking behaviors; Knowledge; Nursing; Self-efficacy
Year: 2019 PMID: 35004415 PMCID: PMC8650923 DOI: 10.4094/chnr.2019.25.2.223
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Child Health Nurs Res ISSN: 2287-9110
The Moderate Drinking Program based on Social Cognitive Theory
| No. | Program contents | Social cognitive theory | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Factor | Key concepts | ||
| 1 | Origin of liquor and the action of alcohol. | Environment | Observational learning |
| My experience : What was difficult with alcohol? | Recognition | Self-efficacy | |
| How to use a check list. | Behavior | Self-regulation | |
| Selection of my helper. | Behavior | Environment | |
| 2 | Experimental video / O · X quiz. | Recognition | Result expected |
| My experience' story: Damage caused by drinking. | Environment | Situation / environment | |
| Do not promise to drinking. | Behavior | Behavioral performance | |
| 3 | Alcoholism progress and recovery process. | Recognition | Result expected value |
| Understanding the severity of poisoning. | Recognition | Result expectation | |
| Group discussion: How to help alcoholics. | Recognition | Self-efficacy | |
| 'Refusal to drink alcohol red card exercise'. | Behavior | Behavior performance | |
| 4 | Announcement of having a drinking problem. | Behavior | Self-regulation |
| Alcohol-related cases video/family history of drinking. | Environment | Observational learning | |
| Discussion 1 : Talking about drinking? environment? | Environment | Situation / environment | |
| Discussion 2 : How to get out of a drinking situation. | Behavior | Self-efficacy | |
| 5 | Lecture from a person who has overcome alcoholism. | Environment | Observational learning |
| Who is concerned about my health? | Recognition | Self-efficacy | |
| Presentation 1 : Who likes me the most? | Environment | Environment | |
| Presentation 2 : Success experience in my life? | Behavior | Self-regulation | |
| 6 | Find out about drinking problems in students. | Recognition | Result expectation |
| Watch 'video on drinking situations among college students'. | Environment | Observational learning | |
| Group discussion: A drinking culture to change. | Recognition | Result expected value | |
| Presentation: What do I do to reduce drinking? | Behavior | Self efficacy / behavior performance | |
| 7 | Watch 'Bandura: Bobo doll experiment' video. | Environment | Observational learning |
| Avoiding drinking environments. | Behavior | Behavior performance | |
| Write to the me of 50 years later. | Recognition | Self-efficacy | |
| Self-regulation | |||
| Create a group theater script. | Recognition | Result expected value | |
| 8 | Importance of refusing to drink. | Recognition | Result expectation |
| Role-playing for drinking refusal (total 5 sets). | Behavior | Behavior performance | |
| Give a present to the best group. | Environment | Reinforce | |
| Group activities: How to refuse drinking. | Environment | Situation | |
| 9 | Discuss the contents of the pledge to reduce alcohol intake. | Recognition | Result expectation |
| Writing a personal pledge to reduce alcohol intake. | Behavior | Self-regulation | |
| Talking pledges individually. | Behavior | Behavior performance | |
| Check-list final check: Present for students with excellent check list. | Environment | Reinforce | |
| 10 | Share your thoughts about the participation. | Recognition | Result expected value |
| Excellent presentation presenter award. | Environment | Reinforce | |
| Write a questionnaire. | |||
Pre-homogeneity Test for Characteristics of Participants in the Experimental and Control Groups (N=68)
| Characteristics | Categories | All ( | Exp. (n=34) | Cont. (n=34) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||
| Gender | Male | 32 (47.1) | 17 (50.0) | 15 (44.1) | .808 |
| Female | 36 (52.9) | 17 (50.0) | 19 (55.9) | ||
| Grade | 1 | 21 (30.9) | 10 (29.4) | 11 (32.3) | >.999 |
| 2 | 23 (33.8) | 12 (35.3) | 11 (32.3) | ||
| 3 | 20 (29.4) | 10 (29.4) | 10 (29.5) | ||
| 4 | 4 (5.9) | 2 (5.9) | 2 (5.9) | ||
| Religion | Yes | 26 (38.2) | 12 (35.3) | 14 (41.2) | .803 |
| No | 42 (61.8) | 22 (64.7) | 20 (58.8) | ||
| Housing type | Detached house | 16 (23.5) | 6 (17.7) | 10 (29.4) | .329 |
| Apartment | 31 (45.6) | 15 (44.1) | 16 (47.1) | ||
| Dormitory/boarding | 21 (30.9) | 13 (38.2) | 8 (23.5) | ||
| Main source of income | Dependent on parents | 15 (22.1) | 7 (20.6) | 8 (23.5) | .893 |
| Part-time job | 13 (19.1) | 6 (17.6) | 7 (20.6) | ||
| Both | 40 (58.8) | 21 (61.8) | 19 (55.9) | ||
| Circle activities | Yes | 21 (30.9) | 8 (23.5) | 13 (38.2) | .294 |
| No | 47 (69.1) | 26 (76.5) | 21 (61.8) | ||
| Last semester average score | <3.0 | 14 (20.6) | 6 (17.6) | 8 (23.5) | .916 |
| 3.0~3.4 | 29 (42.7) | 14 (41.2) | 15 (44.1) | ||
| 3.5~3.9 | 16 (23.5) | 9 (26.5) | 7 (20.6) | ||
| ≥4.0 | 9 (13.2) | 5 (14.7) | 4 (11.8) | ||
| Smoking | Yes | 7 (10.3) | 2 (5.9) | 5 (14.7) | .427 |
| No | 61 (89.7) | 32 (94.1) | 29 (85.3) | ||
| First drinking time | Middle school | 9 (13.2) | 3 (8.8) | 6 (17.6) | .386 |
| High school | 36 (53.0) | 17 (50.0) | 19 (55.9) | ||
| University | 23 (33.8) | 14 (41.2) | 9 (26.5) |
Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.
Verification of Pre-homogeneity of the Dependent Variables (N=68)
| Variables | Exp. (n=34) | Cont. (n=34) | t or U or |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) or M±SD | n (%) or M±SD | |||
| Drinking related knowledge | 8.09±3.01 | 7.88±2.31 | 0.32 | .753 |
| Drinking refusal self-efficacy | 20.44±5.23 | 18.94±2.13 | 1.55 | .129 |
| Drinking-related attitudes | 39.35±3.95 | 38.32±4.01 | 466.50[ | .172 |
| Drinking outcome expectancy | 35.44±8.38 | 37.12±5.10 | 1.00 | .323 |
| Problem drinking behaviors | 19.47±12.43 | 16.59±3.39 | 1.31 | .200 |
| Amount of drinking in a single session | ||||
| Non high risk drinking | 10 (29.4) | 5 (14.7) | 2.14[ | .242 |
| High risk drinking | 24 (70.6) | 29 (85.3) | ||
| Number of drinking sessions month | ||||
| Less than once a month | 0 (0.0) | 3 (8.8) | 4.97[ | .290 |
| About once a month | 0 (0.0) | 2 (5.9) | ||
| 2 to 4 times a month | 16 (47.1) | 15 (44.1) | ||
| 2~3 times a week | 16 (47.1) | 12 (35.3) | ||
| More than 4 times a week | 2 (5.8) | 2 (5.9) |
Fisher's exact test;
Mann-Whitney U test;
Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.
Analysis of Differences in Score Change (N=68)
| Variables | Group | Before | After | Difference (after-before) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | t or U |
| ||
| Drinking-related knowledge | Exp. (n=34) | 8.09±3.01 | 11.41±1.73 | 3.32±2.99 | 191.50[ | <.001 |
| Cont. (n=34) | 7.88±2.31 | 7.74±1.33 | -0.15±2.36 | |||
| Drinking refusal self-efficacy | Exp. (n=34) | 20.44±5.23 | 28.21±4.49 | 7.76±5.77 | 8.02 | <.001 |
| Cont. (n=34) | 18.94±2.13 | 17.76±2.28 | -1.18±2.99 | |||
| Drinking-related attitudes | Exp. (n=34) | 39.35±3.95 | 28.38±5.99 | -10.97±7.11 | 108.50[ | <.001 |
| Cont. (n=34) | 38.32±4.01 | 37.97±3.16 | -0.35±4.28 | |||
| Drinking outcome expectancy | Exp. (n=34) | 35.44±8.38 | 18.56±8.89 | -16.88±11.85 | 8.68 | <.001 |
| Cont. (n=34) | 37.12±5.10 | 38.32±5.14 | 1.21±2.73 | |||
| Problem drinking behaviors | Exp. (n=34) | 19.47±12.43 | 8.26±7.37 | -11.21±11.43 | 5.77 | <.001 |
| Cont. (n=34) | 16.59±3.39 | 16.91±3.26 | 0.32±2.20 | |||
Mann-Whitney U test;
Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.
Changes in Amount of Drinking in a Single Session and Drinking Frequency during One Month (N=68)
| Variables | Group | Decrease | No change | Increase |
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||||
| Amount of drinking in a single session | Exp. (n=34) | 12 (35.3) | 22 (64.7) | 0 (0.0) | 25.72 | <.001 |
| Cont. (n=34) | 10 (29.4) | 8 (23.5) | 16 (47.1) | |||
| Drinking frequency during one month | Exp. (n=34) | 14 (41.2) | 17 (50.0) | 3 (8.8) | 10.05 | .006 |
| Cont. (n=34) | 7 (20.6) | 13 (38.2) | 14 (41.2) |
Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.