Genetic analysis of a malignant meningioma and associated metastases.

To identify genes altered in a highly aggressive metastatic meningioma primary as well as its metastases. Exome sequencing of a primary anaplastic meningioma and metastatic lesions in which DNA could be extracted and compared to germline DNA. Genetic analysis of the metastatic sites found 31 common mutations among the primary tumor and two metastatic sites. Additionally, genetic mutations were identified which were either infrequently (MUC3A, ALDH1A3, HOXA1) or not at all previously described in meningiomas (CASS4, CMKLR1). Exome sequencing of a metastatic meningioma and its distant metastases outside the CNS identified mutations that were not previously well described.