Hyeji Park1,2, Kwangsik Jang1,2, Yesol Jo1,2, Kyung Mi Shim1,2, Chunsik Bae1,2, Seong Soo Kang3,2, Se Eun Kim4,2. 1. Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. 2. Biomaterial R&BD Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. 3. Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; vetkang@chonnam.ac.kr. 4. Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; ksevet@jnu.ac.kr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM: Self-defense products that use high-intensity light are being developed. The intense light generated by the high-power light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of such self-defense products causes temporary blindness. However, few studies have been conducted on the visual safety of their devices. We, therefore, evaluated the effects of strong light of a short duration on the eyes of rabbits in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The right eyes of 15 rabbits were irradiated for 5 s with a lighting device (25 W, 150 lm/W at 700 mA LED) and four eyes of two rabbits were non-irradiated as controls. Changes in the eye structure and function were evaluated before, and immediately, 30 min, 1 h, 24 h, 7 days and 14 days after light irradiation by full-field electroretinogram (ERG), slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and retinal camera. The thickness of the outer nuclear layer of the retina tissue was measured, and histopathological signs of retinal damage were analyzed. RESULTS: The ERG results showed that night vision was not affected. In day vision, the ERG waveform was temporarily affected immediately after light irradiation; however, it recovered within 24 h. No histopathological signs of damage were observed. CONCLUSION: Application of high-power LED light with short duration as used for self-defense was found to cause temporary phototoxicity, but safety was confirmed as vision recovered within 24 h.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Self-defense products that use high-intensity light are being developed. The intense light generated by the high-power light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of such self-defense products causes temporary blindness. However, few studies have been conducted on the visual safety of their devices. We, therefore, evaluated the effects of strong light of a short duration on the eyes of rabbits in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The right eyes of 15 rabbits were irradiated for 5 s with a lighting device (25 W, 150 lm/W at 700 mA LED) and four eyes of two rabbits were non-irradiated as controls. Changes in the eye structure and function were evaluated before, and immediately, 30 min, 1 h, 24 h, 7 days and 14 days after light irradiation by full-field electroretinogram (ERG), slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and retinal camera. The thickness of the outer nuclear layer of the retina tissue was measured, and histopathological signs of retinal damage were analyzed. RESULTS: The ERG results showed that night vision was not affected. In day vision, the ERG waveform was temporarily affected immediately after light irradiation; however, it recovered within 24 h. No histopathological signs of damage were observed. CONCLUSION: Application of high-power LED light with short duration as used for self-defense was found to cause temporary phototoxicity, but safety was confirmed as vision recovered within 24 h.
Authors: Evgeni Yu Zernii; Aliya A Nazipova; Olga S Gancharova; Alexey S Kazakov; Marina V Serebryakova; Dmitry V Zinchenko; Natalya K Tikhomirova; Ivan I Senin; Pavel P Philippov; Eugene A Permyakov; Sergei E Permyakov Journal: Free Radic Biol Med Date: 2015-03-12 Impact factor: 7.376
Authors: A Krigel; M Berdugo; E Picard; R Levy-Boukris; I Jaadane; L Jonet; M Dernigoghossian; C Andrieu-Soler; A Torriglia; F Behar-Cohen Journal: Neuroscience Date: 2016-10-14 Impact factor: 3.590