| Literature DB >> 34934418 |
Santiago Hasdeu1, Fernando Tortosa2.
Abstract
This article describes publication bias, its most frequent causes, its characteristics, the regulatory tools to avoid it, and some statistical techniques to analyze it. These techniques are explained and applied to three therapeutic interventions related to the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19): corticosteroids, ivermectin, and tocilizumab. Risk of publication bias was detected for ivermectin and tocilizumab. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are secondary research designs that provide a reference to guide decision-making. They are prone to different types of bias, i.e., a systematic deviation in the results. Even if carried out with methodological rigor, their validity can be threatened by publication bias. This is defined as the act of concealing or delaying publication, withholding data arising from research studies, or both. Up to half of controlled trials remain unpublished. During the H1N1 virus pandemic, publication bias from industry-funded studies led to the recommendation and large-scale procurement of oseltamivir, a drug that later proved to have no relevant beneficial effects. Two-thirds of clinical trial funding for COVID-19 comes from the pharmaceutical industry. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, studies are published at an accelerated pace, making it very important to understand and identify publication bias. To reduce publication bias it is necessary to regulate the registration and publication of clinical trials, but this requires coordination among countries and international bodies. It is important to suspect and attempt to identify publication bias for decision making.Entities:
Keywords: COVID-19; Meta-analysis as topic; publication bias; systematic review; technology assessment, biomedical
Year: 2021 PMID: 34934418 PMCID: PMC8678098 DOI: 10.26633/RPSP.2021.157
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Panam Salud Publica ISSN: 1020-4989
FIGURA 1.Gráfico de embudo, de contornos y de límites del metaanálisis para esteroides sistémicos
Prueba de regresión lineal para detectar asimetría del gráfico de embudo y prueba de Eggers para esteroides sistémicos, tolcilizumab e ivermectina
|
Prueba estadística |
Esteroides sistémicos |
Tocilizumab |
Ivermectina |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Prueba de regresión lineal y prueba de Eggers |
-0,3 |
2,61 |
-1,97 |
|
Valor de P |
0,78 |
0, 04 |
0,08 |
|
Error estándar |
0,47 |
0,38 |
0,72 |
|
Riesgo de sesgo |
Bajo |
No puede descartarse |
No puede descartarse |
elaboración propia.
Ensayos clínicos aleatorizados registrados, publicados y sin datos disponibles sobre intervenciones farmacológicas durante la pandemia de COVID-19
|
Tipo de ensayo clínico |
Esteroides |
Tocilizumab |
Ivermectina |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Registrados |
200 |
108 |
139 |
|
Prepublicados y publicados |
15 |
10 |
11 |
|
Sin datos disponibles (%) |
115 (57) |
81 (75) |
88 (63) |
elaboración propia.
FIGURA 2.Gráfico de embudo, de contornos y de límites del metaanálisis para ivermectina
FIGURA 3.Gráfico de embudo, de contornos y de límites del metaanálisis para tocilizumab