Eric K Layland1, Jennifer L Maggs2, Michele D Kipke3, Bethany C Bray4. 1. Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, 220 E. 23rd Street, Suite 405, New York, NY, 10010, USA; Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, 208 Health and Human Development Building, University Park, PA, 16803, USA. Electronic address: eric.layland@yale.edu. 2. Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, 208 Health and Human Development Building, University Park, PA, 16803, USA. Electronic address: jmaggs@psu.edu. 3. Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA. Electronic address: mkipke@chla.usc.edu. 4. Center for Dissemination and Implementation Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, 818 S Wolcott Ave., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. Electronic address: bcbray@uic.edu.
Abstract
RATIONALE: Applying an intersectional framework to quantitative public health research among Black and Latino sexual minority men requires analysis that considers interlocking, multidimensional systems of racist and homonegative oppression that fundamentally subvert health. In this study, person-centered methods reflected the complexity of intersecting stigma and how subgroups experience that intersection differently. METHODS: Data were from a cohort of 435 Black and Latino sexual minority young men (mean age = 22.3 years) in the Healthy Young Men's Cohort Study in Los Angeles, United States. Participants provided data semiannually on five occasions spanning 24 months from 2016 to 2019. The marginal approach to longitudinal latent class analysis was used to identify latent classes indicated by multidimensional experiences of racism (e.g., police harassment, workplace discrimination, sexual objectification) and homonegativism (e.g., violence, family rejection, identity concealment) during the transition to adulthood. Associations between sociostructural burdens (e.g., socioeconomic status, food insecurity, unstable housing) and class incidents were investigated. Prevalence of mental health care needs, chronic health conditions, and overall self-reported health were compared among classes. RESULTS: Five latent classes were identified: Minimal Stigma (26% of person records), Select Social Stigma (22%), Homonegativism (17%), Multiform Racism (24%), and Compound Stigma (11%). Sociostructural burdens were generally associated with 1.69-3.75 times higher odds of Select Social Stigma, Homonegativism, Multiform Racism, and Compound Stigma class incidents relative to Minimal Stigma. The Compound Stigma class had the greatest sociostructural burden, highest mental health care needs, and highest odds of sleep and gastrointestinal disorders, but classes did not differ in overall self-reported health. CONCLUSION: These results exemplify how sociostructural burdens are interconnected with intersectional stigma experiences that together erode the health of Black and Latino sexual minority young men.
RATIONALE: Applying an intersectional framework to quantitative public health research among Black and Latino sexual minority men requires analysis that considers interlocking, multidimensional systems of racist and homonegative oppression that fundamentally subvert health. In this study, person-centered methods reflected the complexity of intersecting stigma and how subgroups experience that intersection differently. METHODS: Data were from a cohort of 435 Black and Latino sexual minority young men (mean age = 22.3 years) in the Healthy Young Men's Cohort Study in Los Angeles, United States. Participants provided data semiannually on five occasions spanning 24 months from 2016 to 2019. The marginal approach to longitudinal latent class analysis was used to identify latent classes indicated by multidimensional experiences of racism (e.g., police harassment, workplace discrimination, sexual objectification) and homonegativism (e.g., violence, family rejection, identity concealment) during the transition to adulthood. Associations between sociostructural burdens (e.g., socioeconomic status, food insecurity, unstable housing) and class incidents were investigated. Prevalence of mental health care needs, chronic health conditions, and overall self-reported health were compared among classes. RESULTS: Five latent classes were identified: Minimal Stigma (26% of person records), Select Social Stigma (22%), Homonegativism (17%), Multiform Racism (24%), and Compound Stigma (11%). Sociostructural burdens were generally associated with 1.69-3.75 times higher odds of Select Social Stigma, Homonegativism, Multiform Racism, and Compound Stigma class incidents relative to Minimal Stigma. The Compound Stigma class had the greatest sociostructural burden, highest mental health care needs, and highest odds of sleep and gastrointestinal disorders, but classes did not differ in overall self-reported health. CONCLUSION: These results exemplify how sociostructural burdens are interconnected with intersectional stigma experiences that together erode the health of Black and Latino sexual minority young men.
Authors: Michele D Kipke; Katrina Kubicek; Carolyn F Wong; Yolo Akili Robinson; Ifedayo C Akinyemi; William J Beyer; Wendy Hawkins; Cara E Rice; Eric Layland; Bethany C Bray; Marvin Belzer Journal: JMIR Res Protoc Date: 2019-01-24
Authors: Janet M Turan; Melissa A Elafros; Carmen H Logie; Swagata Banik; Bulent Turan; Kaylee B Crockett; Bernice Pescosolido; Sarah M Murray Journal: BMC Med Date: 2019-02-15 Impact factor: 8.775