José L Hernández1,2, Daniel Nan1,2, Marta Fernandez-Ayala1, Mayte García-Unzueta3, Miguel A Hernández-Hernández4, Marcos López-Hoyos5, Pedro Muñoz-Cacho6, José M Olmos1,2, Manuel Gutiérrez-Cuadra7, Juan J Ruiz-Cubillán8, Javier Crespo9,2, Víctor M Martínez-Taboada10,2. 1. Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. 2. University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain. 3. Division of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. 4. Division of Intensive Care, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. 5. Division of Immunology, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. 6. Gerencia de Atención Primaria, Servicio Cántabro de Salud, Santander, Spain. 7. Division of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. 8. Division of Pneumology, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. 9. Division of Gastroenterology, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. 10. Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The role of vitamin D status in COVID-19 patients is a matter of debate. OBJECTIVES: To assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and to analyze the possible influence of vitamin D status on disease severity. METHODS: Retrospective case-control study of 216 COVID-19 patients and 197 population-based controls. Serum 25OHD levels were measured in both groups. The association of serum 25OHD levels with COVID-19 severity (admission to the intensive care unit, requirements for mechanical ventilation, or mortality) was also evaluated. RESULTS: Of the 216 patients, 19 were on vitamin D supplements and were analyzed separately. In COVID-19 patients, mean ± standard deviation 25OHD levels were 13.8 ± 7.2 ng/mL, compared with 20.9 ± 7.4 ng/mL in controls (P < .0001). 25OHD values were lower in men than in women. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 82.2% of COVID-19 cases and 47.2% of population-based controls (P < .0001). 25OHD inversely correlates with serum ferritin (P = .013) and D-dimer levels (P = .027). Vitamin D-deficient COVID-19 patients had a greater prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, raised serum ferritin and troponin levels, as well as a longer length of hospital stay than those with serum 25OHD levels ≥20 ng/mL. No causal relationship was found between vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 severity as a combined endpoint or as its separate components. CONCLUSIONS: 25OHD levels are lower in hospitalized COVID-19 patients than in population-based controls and these patients had a higher prevalence of deficiency. We did not find any relationship between vitamin D concentrations or vitamin deficiency and the severity of the disease.
BACKGROUND: The role of vitamin D status in COVID-19 patients is a matter of debate. OBJECTIVES: To assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and to analyze the possible influence of vitamin D status on disease severity. METHODS: Retrospective case-control study of 216 COVID-19 patients and 197 population-based controls. Serum 25OHD levels were measured in both groups. The association of serum 25OHD levels with COVID-19 severity (admission to the intensive care unit, requirements for mechanical ventilation, or mortality) was also evaluated. RESULTS: Of the 216 patients, 19 were on vitamin D supplements and were analyzed separately. In COVID-19 patients, mean ± standard deviation 25OHD levels were 13.8 ± 7.2 ng/mL, compared with 20.9 ± 7.4 ng/mL in controls (P < .0001). 25OHD values were lower in men than in women. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 82.2% of COVID-19 cases and 47.2% of population-based controls (P < .0001). 25OHD inversely correlates with serum ferritin (P = .013) and D-dimer levels (P = .027). Vitamin D-deficient COVID-19 patients had a greater prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, raised serum ferritin and troponin levels, as well as a longer length of hospital stay than those with serum 25OHD levels ≥20 ng/mL. No causal relationship was found between vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 severity as a combined endpoint or as its separate components. CONCLUSIONS: 25OHD levels are lower in hospitalized COVID-19 patients than in population-based controls and these patients had a higher prevalence of deficiency. We did not find any relationship between vitamin D concentrations or vitamin deficiency and the severity of the disease.
Authors: Adrian Matysek; Aneta Studnicka; Wade Menpes Smith; Michał Hutny; Paweł Gajewski; Krzysztof J Filipiak; Jorming Goh; Guang Yang Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) Date: 2022-08-01
Authors: G Mazziotti; E Lavezzi; A Brunetti; M Mirani; G Favacchio; A Pizzocaro; M T Sandri; A Di Pasquale; A Voza; M Ciccarelli; A G Lania Journal: J Endocrinol Invest Date: 2021-03-05 Impact factor: 5.467
Authors: J Oristrell; J C Oliva; E Casado; I Subirana; D Domínguez; A Toloba; A Balado; M Grau Journal: J Endocrinol Invest Date: 2021-07-17 Impact factor: 4.256