Aurélien Estarague1,2, François Vasseur1, Kevin Sartori1,3, Cristina C Bastias1, Denis Cornet4,5, Lauriane Rouan4,5, Gregory Beurier4,5, Moises Exposito-Alonso6,7, Stéphane Herbette8, Justine Bresson1, Denis Vile2, Cyrille Violle1. 1. CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, F-34293, Montpellier, France. 2. Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress Environnementaux (LEPSE), INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, UMR759, F-34060, Montpellier, France. 3. Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden. 4. CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398, Montpellier, France. 5. UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398, Montpellier, France. 6. Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. 7. Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. 8. UCA, INRAE, PIAF, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Determining within-species large-scale variation in phenotypic traits is central to elucidate the drivers of species' ranges. Intraspecific comparisons offer the opportunity to understand how trade-offs and biogeographical history constrain adaptation to contrasted environmental conditions. Here we test whether functional traits, ecological strategies from the CSR scheme and phenotypic plasticity in response to abiotic stress vary along a latitudinal or a center- margins gradient within the native range of Arabidopsis thaliana. METHODS: We experimentally examined the phenotypic outcomes of plant adaptation at the center and margins of its geographic range using 30 accessions from southern, central and northern Europe. We characterized the variation of traits related to stress tolerance, resource use, colonization ability, CSR strategy scores, survival and fecundity in response to high temperature (34 °C) or frost (- 6 °C), combined with a water deficit treatment. KEY RESULTS: We found evidence for both a latitudinal and a center-margins differentiation for the traits under scrutiny. Age at maturity, leaf dry matter content, specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content varied along a latitudinal gradient. Northern accessions presented a greater survival to stress than central and southern accessions. Leaf area, C-scores, R-scores and fruit number followed a center-margins differentiation. Central accessions displayed a higher phenotypic plasticity than northern and southern accessions for most studied traits. CONCLUSIONS: Traits related to an acquisitive/conservative resource-use trade-off followed a latitudinal gradient. Traits associated with a competition/colonization trade-off differentiated along the historic colonization of the distribution range and then followed a center-margins differentiation. Our findings pinpoint the need to consider the joint effect of evolutionary history and environmental factors when examining phenotypic variation across the distribution range of a species.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Determining within-species large-scale variation in phenotypic traits is central to elucidate the drivers of species' ranges. Intraspecific comparisons offer the opportunity to understand how trade-offs and biogeographical history constrain adaptation to contrasted environmental conditions. Here we test whether functional traits, ecological strategies from the CSR scheme and phenotypic plasticity in response to abiotic stress vary along a latitudinal or a center- margins gradient within the native range of Arabidopsis thaliana. METHODS: We experimentally examined the phenotypic outcomes of plant adaptation at the center and margins of its geographic range using 30 accessions from southern, central and northern Europe. We characterized the variation of traits related to stress tolerance, resource use, colonization ability, CSR strategy scores, survival and fecundity in response to high temperature (34 °C) or frost (- 6 °C), combined with a water deficit treatment. KEY RESULTS: We found evidence for both a latitudinal and a center-margins differentiation for the traits under scrutiny. Age at maturity, leaf dry matter content, specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content varied along a latitudinal gradient. Northern accessions presented a greater survival to stress than central and southern accessions. Leaf area, C-scores, R-scores and fruit number followed a center-margins differentiation. Central accessions displayed a higher phenotypic plasticity than northern and southern accessions for most studied traits. CONCLUSIONS: Traits related to an acquisitive/conservative resource-use trade-off followed a latitudinal gradient. Traits associated with a competition/colonization trade-off differentiated along the historic colonization of the distribution range and then followed a center-margins differentiation. Our findings pinpoint the need to consider the joint effect of evolutionary history and environmental factors when examining phenotypic variation across the distribution range of a species.
Authors: Cyrille Violle; Brian J Enquist; Brian J McGill; Lin Jiang; Cécile H Albert; Catherine Hulshof; Vincent Jung; Julie Messier Journal: Trends Ecol Evol Date: 2012-01-13 Impact factor: 17.712
Authors: Marc William Cadotte; Donny V Mai; Samuel Jantz; Michael D Collins; Monica Keele; James A Drake Journal: Am Nat Date: 2006-09-29 Impact factor: 3.926
Authors: Cyrille Violle; Peter B Reich; Stephen W Pacala; Brian J Enquist; Jens Kattge Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2014-09-15 Impact factor: 11.205