Cristian Axel Hernández-Gaytán1, Francisco Rodríguez-Covarrubias2, Ricardo A Castillejos-Molina1, Andrés Hernández-Porras3, Ignacio Tobia4, Justin M Dubin5, Ana María Autrán-Gómez6. 1. Department of Urology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico. 2. Department of Urology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico. frodriguez.covarrubias@gmail.com. 3. Department of Urology, Hospital Angéles Tijuana, Tijuana, Mexico. 4. Departmernt of Urology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 5. Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. 6. Lyx Instituto de Urología, Research Office of Confederación Americana de Urología (CAU), Madrid, Spain.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this review is to provide an overview of epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment of urological malignancies in renal transplant recipients (RTR). RECENT FINDINGS: Although optimal immunosuppressive therapy and cancer management in these patients remain controversial, adherence to general guidelines is recommended. Kidney transplantation is recognized as the standard of care for the treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) as it offers prolonged survival and better quality of life. In the last decades, survival of RTRs has increased as a result of improved immunosuppressive therapy; nonetheless, the risk of developing cancer is higher among RTRs compared to the general population. Urological malignancies are the second most common after hematological cancer and often have more aggressive behavior and poor prognosis.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this review is to provide an overview of epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment of urological malignancies in renal transplant recipients (RTR). RECENT FINDINGS: Although optimal immunosuppressive therapy and cancer management in these patients remain controversial, adherence to general guidelines is recommended. Kidney transplantation is recognized as the standard of care for the treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) as it offers prolonged survival and better quality of life. In the last decades, survival of RTRs has increased as a result of improved immunosuppressive therapy; nonetheless, the risk of developing cancer is higher among RTRs compared to the general population. Urological malignancies are the second most common after hematological cancer and often have more aggressive behavior and poor prognosis.
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