HLA antigens and Langerhans cell density in contact dermatitis.

We studied 67 patients with multiple contact allergies to determine whether there was an association of this state with any particular HLA antigen. HLA-A, -B and DR antigens were typed by standard serological methods. There was no significant HLA association, although there was an increased frequency of DR4 in those patients who included nickel as one of their sensitivities (64% compared with 33% in controls), and an increase in DR6 in those patients who included sensitivity to a rubber accelerator (45% compared with 16% in controls). However, when the probabilities were corrected for the number of HLA antigens tested and the number of substances in the patch test battery, these associations were no longer statistically significant. We also examined the morphology and numbers of Langerhans cells in epidermal sheets from six subjects with multiple allergies. There were no differences in appearance or numbers of Langerhans cells stained for ATPase, compared with 20 non-allergic controls.