Literature DB >> 34897212

Age Determines Adjuvant Chemotherapy Use in Resected Stage II Colon Cancer.

Brendan L Hagerty1,2, John G Aversa1, Dana A Dominguez1, Jeremy L Davis1, Jonathan M Hernandez1, James T McCormick2, Andrew M Blakely1.   

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in resected stage II colon cancer remains controversial. Treatment recommendations rely largely on the presence of certain high-risk features for recurrence.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to define patient and clinicopathologic differences between early-onset and late-onset colorectal cancer and determine whether these differences impact treatment. We hypothesized that high-risk features in stage II colorectal cancer differed between age groups and would most strongly influence administration of adjuvant chemotherapy.
DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study.
SETTING: The study was conducted at a Commission on Cancer designated hospital as well as the National Cancer Institute Intramural Research Program. PATIENTS: Patients with resected stage II colon cancer were identified in the National Cancer Database, and clinicopathologic characteristics were recorded. Patients were stratified into young (≤45), middle-aged (50-75), and older (>75) age groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of high-risk clinicopathologic features and receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy were measured.
RESULTS: A total of 14,966 patients met inclusion criteria. Young patients were found to have had at least one high-risk feature ( n = 489, 44%) slightly more often than both middle-aged ( n = 3734, 40%) and older patients ( n = 1890, 42%). A total of 332 (7%) older patients received adjuvant chemotherapy compared to 627 (56%) young patients and 2854 (30%) middle-aged patients. Age group was independently associated with receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy when controlling for relevant clinicopathologic factors. LIMITATIONS: This was a retrospective study without granular detail on treatment decisions.
CONCLUSIONS: Young patients are frequently prescribed adjuvant chemotherapy for both high- and low-risk tumors despite questionable benefit in the latter. Older patients rarely receive adjuvant therapy. Both medical and surgical oncologists should be aware of disparities in cancer treatment and remain conscientious about making treatment decisions solely based on age. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B846 . LA EDAD DETERMINA EL USO DE QUIMIOTERAPIA ADYUVANTE EN EL CNCER DE COLON RESECADO EN ESTADIO II: ANTECEDENTES:El papel de la quimioterapia adyuvante en el cáncer de colon resecado en estadio II sigue siendo controversial . Las recobmendaciones para el tratamiento dependen en gran medida de la presencia de ciertas características de alto riesgo de recurrencia.OBJETIVO:Buscamos definir las diferencias clínico-patológicas del paciente entre el CCR de inicio temprano y tardío; y determinar si estas diferencias afectan el tratamiento. Hipotetizamos que las características de alto riesgo del cáncer colorrectal en estadio II difieren entre los grupos de edad y que influyen fuertemente en la administración de quimioterapia adyuvante.DISEÑO:Este fue un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo.ENTORNO CLINICO:El estudio se llevó a cabo en un hospital designado por la Comisión sobre el Cáncer, así como el Programa de Investigación Intramural del Instituto Nacional del Cáncer.PACIENTES:Se identificaron los pacientes con cáncer de colon resecado en estadio II en la Base de datos nacional del cáncer y se registraron las características clínico-patológicas. Los pacientes se estratificaron en grupos de edad jóvenes (≤45), de mediana edad (50-75) y mayores (> 75).PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:Se estudiaron la incidencia de las características clínico-patológicas de alto riesgo y la recepción de quimioterapia adyuvante.RESULTADOS:Un total de 14.966 pacientes cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Se encontró que los pacientes jóvenes tenían al menos una característica de alto riesgo (n = 489, 44%) un poco más frecuente que los pacientes de mediana edad (n = 3734, 40%) y los pacientes mayores (n = 1890, 42%). Un total de 332 (7%) de los pacientes mayores recibieron quimioterapia adyuvante en comparación con 627 (56%) de los pacientes jóvenes y 2854 (30%) de los pacientes de mediana edad. El grupo de edad se asoció de forma independiente con la recepción de quimioterapia adyuvante al controlar los factores clínico-patológicos relevantes.LIMITACIONES:Este fue un estudio retrospectivo sin detalles granulares sobre las decisiones de tratamiento.CONCLUSIONES:A los pacientes jóvenes se les prescribe con frecuencia quimioterapia adyuvante para tumores de alto y bajo riesgo, a pesar de los cuestionables beneficios en estos últimos. Los pacientes de edad avanzada rara vez reciben terapia adyuvante. Tanto los oncólogos clínicos como los quirúrgicos deben ser conscientes de las disparidades en el tratamiento del cáncer y ser conscientes de tomar decisiones de tratamiento basadas únicamente en la edad. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B846 . (Traducción- Dr. Francisco M. Abarca-Rendon ).
Copyright © The ASCRS 2021.

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Mesh:

Year:  2022        PMID: 34897212      PMCID: PMC9177898          DOI: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002074

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Dis Colon Rectum        ISSN: 0012-3706            Impact factor:   4.412


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2.  Colorectal cancer screening for average-risk adults: 2018 guideline update from the American Cancer Society.

Authors:  Andrew M D Wolf; Elizabeth T H Fontham; Timothy R Church; Christopher R Flowers; Carmen E Guerra; Samuel J LaMonte; Ruth Etzioni; Matthew T McKenna; Kevin C Oeffinger; Ya-Chen Tina Shih; Louise C Walter; Kimberly S Andrews; Otis W Brawley; Durado Brooks; Stacey A Fedewa; Deana Manassaram-Baptiste; Rebecca L Siegel; Richard C Wender; Robert A Smith
Journal:  CA Cancer J Clin       Date:  2018-05-30       Impact factor: 508.702

Review 3.  Postoperative chemotherapy improves survival in patients with resected high-risk Stage II colorectal cancer: results of a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Authors:  C Simillis; H K S I Singh; T Afxentiou; S Mills; O J Warren; J J Smith; P Riddle; M Adamina; D Cunningham; P P Tekkis
Journal:  Colorectal Dis       Date:  2020-02-27       Impact factor: 3.788

4.  Chemotherapy Use and Survival Among Young and Middle-Aged Patients With Colon Cancer.

Authors:  Janna Manjelievskaia; Derek Brown; Katherine A McGlynn; William Anderson; Craig D Shriver; Kangmin Zhu
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7.  Adjuvant chemotherapy use for Medicare beneficiaries with stage II colon cancer.

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8.  Increase in incidence of colorectal cancer among young men and women in the United States.

Authors:  Rebecca L Siegel; Ahmedin Jemal; Elizabeth M Ward
Journal:  Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev       Date:  2009-06       Impact factor: 4.254

9.  Levamisole and fluorouracil for adjuvant therapy of resected colon carcinoma.

Authors:  C G Moertel; T R Fleming; J S Macdonald; D G Haller; J A Laurie; P J Goodman; J S Ungerleider; W A Emerson; D C Tormey; J H Glick
Journal:  N Engl J Med       Date:  1990-02-08       Impact factor: 91.245

Review 10.  ctDNA applications and integration in colorectal cancer: an NCI Colon and Rectal-Anal Task Forces whitepaper.

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  1 in total

1.  Adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with improved overall survival in select patients with Stage II colon cancer: A National Cancer Database analysis.

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Journal:  J Surg Oncol       Date:  2022-06-14       Impact factor: 2.885

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