Sean R McWhinney1, Christoph Abé2, Martin Alda1, Francesco Benedetti3,4, Erlend Bøen5, Caterina Del Mar Bonnin6, Tiana Borgers7, Katharina Brosch8, Erick J Canales-Rodríguez9, Dara M Cannon10, Udo Dannlowski7, Ana M Diaz-Zuluaga11, Lorielle Dietze1, Torbjørn Elvsåshagen12,13,14, Lisa T Eyler15,16, Janice M Fullerton17,18, Jose M Goikolea6, Janik Goltermann7, Dominik Grotegerd7, Bartholomeus C M Haarman19, Tim Hahn7, Fleur M Howells20,21, Martin Ingvar2, Tilo T J Kircher8, Axel Krug8,22, Rayus T Kuplicki23, Mikael Landén24,25, Hannah Lemke7, Benny Liberg2, Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo11, Ulrik F Malt5,26, Fiona M Martyn10, Elena Mazza3,4, Colm McDonald10, Genevieve McPhilemy10, Sandra Meier1, Susanne Meinert7, Tina Meller8,27, Elisa M T Melloni3,4, Philip B Mitchell28, Leila Nabulsi10, Igor Nenadic8, Nils Opel7, Roel A Ophoff29,30, Bronwyn J Overs17, Julia-Katharina Pfarr8, Julian A Pineda-Zapata31, Edith Pomarol-Clotet9, Joaquim Raduà2,6,32, Jonathan Repple7, Maike Richter7, Kai G Ringwald8, Gloria Roberts28, Alex Ross1, Raymond Salvador9, Jonathan Savitz23,33, Simon Schmitt8,27,34, Peter R Schofield17,18, Kang Sim35,36, Dan J Stein20,21,37, Frederike Stein8, Henk S Temmingh21, Katharina Thiel7, Sophia I Thomopoulos38, Neeltje E M van Haren39,40, Holly Van Gestel1, Cristian Vargas11, Eduard Vieta6, Annabel Vreeker39, Lena Waltemate7, Lakshmi N Yatham41, Christopher R K Ching38, Ole A Andreassen12, Paul M Thompson38, Tomas Hajek1,42. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. 2. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 3. Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. 4. Psychiatry and Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. 5. Unit for Psychosomatics/CL Outpatient Clinic for Adults, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. 6. Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain. 7. Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany. 8. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany. 9. FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain. 10. Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland. 11. Research Group in Psychiatry GIPSI, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. 12. Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. 13. Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. 14. Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. 15. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. 16. Desert-Pacific MIRECC, VA San Diego Healthcare, San Diego, California, USA. 17. Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia. 18. School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 19. Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. 20. Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. 21. Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. 22. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. 23. Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA. 24. Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden. 25. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 26. Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. 27. Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany. 28. School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 29. UCLA Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Los Angeles, California, USA. 30. Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 31. Research Group, Instituto de Alta Tecnología Médica, Ayudas Diagnósticas SURA, Medellin, Colombia. 32. Institute of Psychiartry, King's College London, London, UK. 33. Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA. 34. Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. 35. West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore. 36. Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. 37. South African MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. 38. Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California, USA. 39. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 40. Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 41. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 42. National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.
Abstract
AIMS: Rates of obesity have reached epidemic proportions, especially among people with psychiatric disorders. While the effects of obesity on the brain are of major interest in medicine, they remain markedly under-researched in psychiatry. METHODS: We obtained body mass index (BMI) and magnetic resonance imaging-derived regional cortical thickness, surface area from 836 bipolar disorders (BD) and 1600 control individuals from 14 sites within the ENIGMA-BD Working Group. We identified regionally specific profiles of cortical thickness using K-means clustering and studied clinical characteristics associated with individual cortical profiles. RESULTS: We detected two clusters based on similarities among participants in cortical thickness. The lower thickness cluster (46.8% of the sample) showed thinner cortex, especially in the frontal and temporal lobes and was associated with diagnosis of BD, higher BMI, and older age. BD individuals in the low thickness cluster were more likely to have the diagnosis of bipolar disorder I and less likely to be treated with lithium. In contrast, clustering based on similarities in the cortical surface area was unrelated to BD or BMI and only tracked age and sex. CONCLUSIONS: We provide evidence that both BD and obesity are associated with similar alterations in cortical thickness, but not surface area. The fact that obesity increased the chance of having low cortical thickness could explain differences in cortical measures among people with BD. The thinner cortex in individuals with higher BMI, which was additive and similar to the BD-associated alterations, may suggest that treating obesity could lower the extent of cortical thinning in BD.
AIMS: Rates of obesity have reached epidemic proportions, especially among people with psychiatric disorders. While the effects of obesity on the brain are of major interest in medicine, they remain markedly under-researched in psychiatry. METHODS: We obtained body mass index (BMI) and magnetic resonance imaging-derived regional cortical thickness, surface area from 836 bipolar disorders (BD) and 1600 control individuals from 14 sites within the ENIGMA-BD Working Group. We identified regionally specific profiles of cortical thickness using K-means clustering and studied clinical characteristics associated with individual cortical profiles. RESULTS: We detected two clusters based on similarities among participants in cortical thickness. The lower thickness cluster (46.8% of the sample) showed thinner cortex, especially in the frontal and temporal lobes and was associated with diagnosis of BD, higher BMI, and older age. BD individuals in the low thickness cluster were more likely to have the diagnosis of bipolar disorder I and less likely to be treated with lithium. In contrast, clustering based on similarities in the cortical surface area was unrelated to BD or BMI and only tracked age and sex. CONCLUSIONS: We provide evidence that both BD and obesity are associated with similar alterations in cortical thickness, but not surface area. The fact that obesity increased the chance of having low cortical thickness could explain differences in cortical measures among people with BD. The thinner cortex in individuals with higher BMI, which was additive and similar to the BD-associated alterations, may suggest that treating obesity could lower the extent of cortical thinning in BD.
Authors: Virginio Salvi; Gabriele Di Salvo; Jana Korčáková; Sara Torriero; Elena Aragno; Marian Kolenič; Martina Ungrmanová; Giuseppe Maina; Claudio Mencacci; Tomas Hajek Journal: J Affect Disord Date: 2020-01-28 Impact factor: 4.839
Authors: Cynthia V Calkin; Martina Ruzickova; Rudolf Uher; Tomas Hajek; Claire M Slaney; Julie S Garnham; M Claire O'Donovan; Martin Alda Journal: Br J Psychiatry Date: 2014-10-16 Impact factor: 9.319
Authors: J H Cole; C P Boyle; A Simmons; S Cohen-Woods; M Rivera; P McGuffin; P M Thompson; C H Y Fu Journal: Neuroscience Date: 2013-08-09 Impact factor: 3.590
Authors: N Medic; H Ziauddeen; K D Ersche; I S Farooqi; E T Bullmore; P J Nathan; L Ronan; P C Fletcher Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2016-03-22 Impact factor: 5.095
Authors: Sean R McWhinney; Christoph Abé; Martin Alda; Francesco Benedetti; Erlend Bøen; Caterina Del Mar Bonnin; Tiana Borgers; Katharina Brosch; Erick J Canales-Rodríguez; Dara M Cannon; Udo Dannlowski; Ana M Díaz-Zuluaga; Torbjørn Elvsåshagen; Lisa T Eyler; Janice M Fullerton; Jose M Goikolea; Janik Goltermann; Dominik Grotegerd; Bartholomeus C M Haarman; Tim Hahn; Fleur M Howells; Martin Ingvar; Tilo T J Kircher; Axel Krug; Rayus T Kuplicki; Mikael Landén; Hannah Lemke; Benny Liberg; Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo; Ulrik F Malt; Fiona M Martyn; Elena Mazza; Colm McDonald; Genevieve McPhilemy; Sandra Meier; Susanne Meinert; Tina Meller; Elisa M T Melloni; Philip B Mitchell; Leila Nabulsi; Igor Nenadic; Nils Opel; Roel A Ophoff; Bronwyn J Overs; Julia-Katharina Pfarr; Julian A Pineda-Zapata; Edith Pomarol-Clotet; Joaquim Raduà; Jonathan Repple; Maike Richter; Kai G Ringwald; Gloria Roberts; Raymond Salvador; Jonathan Savitz; Simon Schmitt; Peter R Schofield; Kang Sim; Dan J Stein; Frederike Stein; Henk S Temmingh; Katharina Thiel; Neeltje E M van Haren; Holly Van Gestel; Cristian Vargas; Eduard Vieta; Annabel Vreeker; Lena Waltemate; Lakshmi N Yatham; Christopher R K Ching; Ole Andreassen; Paul M Thompson; Tomas Hajek Journal: Mol Psychiatry Date: 2021-04-16 Impact factor: 15.992