Bradley Gorniak1, Hua-Hie Yong1, Ron Borland2, K Michael Cummings3, James F Thrasher4, Ann McNeill5,6, Andrew Hyland7, Geoffrey T Fong8,9,10. 1. School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. 2. Melbourne Centre for Behaviour Change, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. 3. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA. 4. Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA. 5. Addictions Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. 6. Shaping Public hEalth poliCies To Reduce ineqUalities and harM (SPECTRUM), Usher Institute, Old Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. 7. Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, USA. 8. School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. 9. Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. 10. Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Many smokers attempt to stop smoking every year, but the vast majority of quit attempts fail. This study examined prospectively the association between post-quitting experiences and smoking relapse among ex-smokers in Australia and the United Kingdom. METHODS: Data came from 584 adult ex-smokers from Australia and the United Kingdom who participated in Wave 9 of the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey and successfully followed up a year later (Wave 10). Binary logistic regression was used to examine whether baseline post-quitting experiences predicted relapse back to smoking at follow-up. RESULTS: Ex-smokers who perceived their stress coping ability had gotten worse since quitting were more likely to relapse back to smoking compared to their counterparts who reported no change (odds ratio = 5.77, 95% confidence interval = 1.64, 20.31, P < 0.01). Ex-smokers who reported their homes had become fresher and cleaner post quitting were less likely to relapse compared to those who did not notice any change (odds ratio = 0.34, 95% confidence interval = 0.13, 0.93, P < 0.05). Perceived changes in life enjoyment, negative affect control, social confidence, work performance, leisure time and financial situation did not independently predict relapse. No country differences were found. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that ex-smokers' relapse risk was elevated if they perceived any negative impact of quitting on their stress coping whereas relapse risk was reduced if they perceived any positive impact of quitting on the home (e.g. fresher and cleaner). Helping ex-smokers to develop alternative stress coping strategies and highlighting the positive impacts of quitting smoking on the homes may help protect against smoking relapse.
INTRODUCTION: Many smokers attempt to stop smoking every year, but the vast majority of quit attempts fail. This study examined prospectively the association between post-quitting experiences and smoking relapse among ex-smokers in Australia and the United Kingdom. METHODS: Data came from 584 adult ex-smokers from Australia and the United Kingdom who participated in Wave 9 of the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey and successfully followed up a year later (Wave 10). Binary logistic regression was used to examine whether baseline post-quitting experiences predicted relapse back to smoking at follow-up. RESULTS: Ex-smokers who perceived their stress coping ability had gotten worse since quitting were more likely to relapse back to smoking compared to their counterparts who reported no change (odds ratio = 5.77, 95% confidence interval = 1.64, 20.31, P < 0.01). Ex-smokers who reported their homes had become fresher and cleaner post quitting were less likely to relapse compared to those who did not notice any change (odds ratio = 0.34, 95% confidence interval = 0.13, 0.93, P < 0.05). Perceived changes in life enjoyment, negative affect control, social confidence, work performance, leisure time and financial situation did not independently predict relapse. No country differences were found. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that ex-smokers' relapse risk was elevated if they perceived any negative impact of quitting on their stress coping whereas relapse risk was reduced if they perceived any positive impact of quitting on the home (e.g. fresher and cleaner). Helping ex-smokers to develop alternative stress coping strategies and highlighting the positive impacts of quitting smoking on the homes may help protect against smoking relapse.
Authors: Ron Borland; Hua-Hie Yong; James Balmford; Jae Cooper; K Michael Cummings; Richard J O'Connor; Ann McNeill; Mark P Zanna; Geoffrey T Fong Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2010-10 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: M E Thompson; G T Fong; D Hammond; C Boudreau; P Driezen; A Hyland; R Borland; K M Cummings; G B Hastings; M Siahpush; A M Mackintosh; F L Laux Journal: Tob Control Date: 2006-06 Impact factor: 7.552
Authors: Fujian Song; Max O Bachmann; Paul Aveyard; Garry R Barton; Tracey J Brown; Vivienne Maskrey; Annie Blyth; Caitlin Notley; Richard Holland; Stephen Sutton; Thomas H Brandon Journal: PLoS One Date: 2018-11-20 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Lin Li; Ron Borland; Hua-Hie Yong; Shannon Gravely; Geoffrey T Fong; Kenneth Michael Cummings; Katherine East; Michael Le Grande Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-08-15 Impact factor: 4.614