Correction: Poverty and childhood malnutrition: Evidence-based on a nationally representative survey of Bangladesh.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256235.].

The Author Contributions for the second author Henry Ratul Halder are incorrect. The publisher apologizes for this error. The contributions of this author are as follows: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Writing–original draft, Writing–review & editing.

The affiliation for the third author is incorrect. Md. Sazedur Rahman is not affiliated with #3 but with #2: Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering and Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh.

There are errors in Tables 3, 4 and 5. Please see the correct Tables here.

Table 3

Factors associated with stunting within different wealth status.

Independent Variables	Poorest		Poor		Well-off
	AOR (95% CI)	p-value	AOR (95% CI)	p-value	AOR (95% CI)	p-value
Child-related Variables
Birth Order (Ref: ≥4 th )
1st	0.93(0.68–1.29)	0.677	0.65(0.39–1.07)	0.090	0.91(0.63–1.32)	0.615
2nd	0.87(0.64–1.19)	0.382	0.58(0.38–0.89)	0.012	0.86(0.60–1.23)	0.405
3rd	0.92(0.66–1.29)	0.639	0.68(0.45–1.03)	0.067	0.93(0.63–1.37)	0.700
Age (months) (Ref: 0–5)
6–11	1.08(0.63–1.86)	0.782	0.11(0.05–0.22)	<0.001	0.10(0.01–0.81)	0.031
12–23	2.92(0.63–1.86)	0.892	0.38(0.22–0.67)	0.001	0.14(0.02–1.11)	0.062
24–35	4.41(1.88–4.55)	<0.001	1.23(0.71–1.79)	0.616	0.34(0.04–2.63)	0.300
36–59	3.11(1.90–5.09)	<0.001	1.62(1.06–2.47)	0.026	0.37(0.5–2.91)	0.348
Socioeconomic and Demographic Variables
Division (Ref: Sylhet)
Barisal	0.83(0.53–1.30)	0.413	N/A	N/A	1.10(0.72–1.69)	0.652
Chittagong	1.16(0.79–1.71)	0.445	N/A	N/A	1.04(0.74–1.45)	0.819
Dhaka	0.77(0.51–1.18)	0.229	N/A	N/A	0.79(0.55–1.13)	0.191
Khulna	0.41(0.26–0.71)	0.001	N/A	N/A	1.01(0.67–1.50)	0.981
Mymensingh	0.75(0.50–1.14)	0.184	N/A	N/A	1.01(0.66–1.52)	0.997
Rajshahi	0.58(0.37–0.89)	0.014	N/A	N/A	1.02(0.68–1.54)	0.916
Rangpur	0.52(0.35–0.77)	0.001	N/A	N/A	1.11(0.71–1.75)	0.645
Place of residence (Ref: Rural)
Urban	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.94(0.76–1.16)	0.543
Drinking Water Source (Ref: Improved)
Unimproved	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	1.33(0.54–3.29)	0.540
Type of Toilet (Ref: Hygienic)
Unhygienic	N/A	N/A	1.06(0.84–1.33)	0.624	1.12(0.83–1.50)	0.474
Place of Childbirth (Ref: Home Delivery)
Facility Birth	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.89(0.72–1.11)	0.307
Parental Variables
Maternal BMI (Ref: Overweight/Obese)
Underweight (<18.50kg/m2)	1.60(1.09–2.35)	0.016	2.11(1.43–2.23)	<0.001	1.35(0.96–1.90)	0.083
Normal (18.50–24.99kg/m2)	1.14(0.81–1.59)	0.458	1.70(1.21–2.39)	0.002	1.02(0.81–1.29)	0.850
Maternal Age at First Birth (Ref: <18 years)
19–24	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.90(0.73–1.11)	0.332
≥25	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.91(0.58–1.42)	0.662
Mother’s Education (Ref: Higher)
No Education	1.99(0.83–4.80)	0.123	2.41(1.22–6.58)	0.016	1.70(0.96–3.02)	0.071
Primary	1.60(0.70–3.66)	0.269	3.72(1.78–7.67)	<0.001	1.55(1.05–2.72)	0.027
Secondary	1.66(0.73–3.78)	0.226	3.51(1.70–6.94)	0.001	1.41(1.03–1.91)	0.030
Mother’s Current Working Status (Ref: Yes)
No	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.88(0.70–1.90)	0.241
Mother’s Exposure to Television (Ref: No)
Yes	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.99(0.78–1.27)	0.985
Mother’s ANC Visit Number (Ref: ≥4)
Nil	0.76(0.51–1.14)	0.296	1.16(0.74–1.84)	0.514	1.22(0.84–1.77)	0.295
1–3	0.70(0.51–0.98)	0.028	1.23(0.89–1.72)	0.214	1.20(0.97–1.49)	0.093
Father’s Education Level (Ref: Higher)
No Education	2.94(1.37–6.34)	0.006	1.45(0.81–2.60)	0.216	1.98(1.26–3.11)	0.003
Primary	2.41(1.15–5.10)	0.021	1.01(0.59–1.74)	0.960	1.89(1.34–2.67)	<0.001
Secondary	2.18(1.02–4.67)	0.045	0.87(0.50–1.50)	0.614	1.51(1.12–2.04)	0.008
Father’s Occupation (Ref: Other)
Agricultural	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.82(0.54–1.25)	0.351
Business	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.70(0.48–1.01)	0.055
Non-Agricultural	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.71(0.51–1.00)	0.050

N/A stands for not applicable. Insignificant variables in Chi-square tests were not included in the adjusted model; therefore, they were replaced with N/A in the Table.

p-value <0.05 is the level of significance.

AOR: Adjusted odds ratio; p-value: Probability value; CI: Confidence interval; Ref: Reference category; BMI: Body mass index; ANC: Antenatal care.

Table 4

Factors associated with underweight within different categories of wealth status.

	Poorest		Poor		Well-Off
Independent Variables	AOR (95% CI)	p-value	AOR (95% CI)	p-value	AOR (95% CI)	p-value
Child-related Variables
Birth Order (Ref: ≥4 th )
1st	1.55(0.83–2.90)	0.864	N/A	N/A	0.88(0.51–1.52)	0.634
2nd	1.04(0.60–1.80)	0.621	N/A	N/A	0.74(0.47–1.17)	0.197
3rd	0.97(0.57–1.63)	0.552	N/A	N/A	0.71(0.45–1.12)	0.137
Age (Ref: 0–5 months)
6–11	1.68(0.90–3.16)	0.105	2.60(1.27–5.34)	0.001	0.24(0.02–2.51)	0.231
12–23	2.95(1.71–5.08)	<0.001	3.11(1.61–6.00)	0.001	0.21(0.02–2.30)	0.204
24–35	3.50(2.05–6.00)	<0.001	5.72(0.98–6.01)	0.193	0.29(0.03–3.05)	0.302
36–59	1.68(0.90–3.16)	0.290	7.37(3.49–15.55)	0.001	0.51(0.05–5.29)	0.568
Recent Experience of Fever (Ref: No)
Yes	N/A	N/A	1.51(1.16–1.95)	0.002	1.30(1.03–1.64)	0.027
Socioeconomic and Demographic Variables
Division (Ref: Sylhet)
Barisal	1.07(0.56–2.03)	0.995	0.53(0.28–0.99)	0.040	0.55(0.32–0.94)	0.030
Chittagong	0.91(0.52–1.59)	0.771	0.55(0.34–0.89)	0.008	0.89(0.61–1.30)	0.538
Dhaka	1.06(0.56–2.02)	0.523	0.62(0.38–1.01)	0.056	0.68(0.46–1.01)	0.058
Khulna	0.82(0.37–1.82)	0.242	0.67(0.39–1.15)	0.122	0.78(0.50–1.22)	0.278
Mymensingh	0.85(0.46–1.57)	0.864	0.85(0.52–1.40)	0.367	0.84(0.53–1.32)	0.444
Rajshahi	0.60(0.30–1.21)	0.412	0.58(0.35–0.96)	0.037	0.74(0.46–1.17)	0.196
Rangpur	0.79(0.45–1.41)	0.440	0.42(0.25–0.71)	0.001	0.86(0.52–1.43)	0.554
Place of Residence (Ref: Urban)
Rural	N/A	N/A	0.71(0.47–1.08)	0.079	N/A	N/A
Type of Toilet (Ref: Hygienic)
Unhygienic	1.25(0.90–1.74)	0.301	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Place of Childbirth (Ref: Home Birth)
Facility Birth	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.89(0.68–1.11)	0.255
Parental Variables
Maternal BMI (Ref: Overweight/Obese)
Underweight (<18.50kg/m2)	2.01(1.10–3.70)	0.005	2.46(1.55–3.75)	<0.001	2.09(1.41–3.09)	<0.001
Normal (18.50–24.99kg/m2)	0.77(0.44–1.37)	0.986	1.53(1.02–2.19)	0.030	1.39(1.05–1.85)	0.021
Maternal Age (Ref: 35–49 years)
15–24	1.07(0.47–2.43)	0.499	N/A	N/A	0.98(0.52–1.87)	0.958
25–34	1.11(0.54–2.27)	0.29	N/A	N/A	1.21(0.71–2.08)	0.485
Maternal Age at First Birth (Ref: <18 years)
19–24	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.72(0.55–0.94)	0.014
>25	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.85(0.47–1.52)	0.575
Mother’s Education (Ref: Higher)
No Education	10.23(1.54–68.9)	0.008	1.48(0.65–3.34)	0.574	1.98(1.02–3.83)	0.043
Primary	5.70(0.89–36.50)	0.077	1.15(0.57–2.34)	0.967	1.80(1.15–2.83)	0.010
Secondary	4.96(0.78–31.50)	0.127	1.46(0.74–2.88)	0.451	1.49(1.03–2.15)	0.036
Mother’s exposure to Television (Ref: No)
Yes	1.09(0.829–1.44)	0.529	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Mother’s ANC Visit Number (Ref: ≥4)
Nil	1.26(0.79–2.00)	0.356	0.90(0.54–1.52)	0.502	0.78(0.5–1.23)	0.285
1–3	0.86(0.58–1.26)	0.351	1.09(0.74–1.59)	0.945	0.96(0.75–1.24)	0.760
Father’s Education (Ref: Higher)
No Education	2.87(0.93–8.84)	0.284	1.50(0.75–3.02)	0.215	0.94(0.55–1.62)	0.825
Primary	1.52(0.51–4.58)	0.569	1.56(0.81–2.98)	0.149	1.45(0.98–2.13)	0.060
Secondary	1.44(0.47–4.45)	0.760	1.29(0.67–2.48)	0.365	1.04(0.74–1.48)	0.817
Father’s Occupation (Ref: Other)
Agricultural	N/A	N/A	0.94(0.64–1.38)	0.678	0.56(0.34–0.91)	0.019
Business	N/A	N/A	0.73(0.47–1.23)	0.137	0.61(0.40–0.91)	0.017
Non-Agricultural	N/A	N/A	0.79(0.54–1.14)	0.211	0.64(0.44–0.93)	0.020

N/A stands for not applicable. Insignificant variables in Chi-square tests were not included in the adjusted model; therefore, they were replaced with N/A in the Table.

p-value <0.05 is the level of significance.

AOR: Adjusted odds ratio; p-value: Probability value; CI: Confidence interval; Ref: Reference category; BMI: Body mass index; ANC: Antenatal care.

Table 5

Factors associated with wasting within different categories of wealth status.

Independent Variables	Poorest		Poor		Well-Off
Child-related Variables	AOR (95% CI)	p-value	AOR (95% CI)	p-value	AOR (95% CI)	p-value
Birth Order (Ref: ≥4 th )
1st	1.45(0.87–2.44)	0.157	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
2nd	1.23(0.74–2.05)	0.421	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
3rd	1.69(1.00–2.83)	0.050	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Age (Ref: 0–5 months)
6–11	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	1.14(0.82–1.59)	0.424
12–23	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.57(0.37–0.88)	0.012
24–35	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.65(0.48–0.89)	0.008
36–59	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.90(0.67–1.22)	0.489
Sex (Ref: Male)
Female	1.50(1.08–2.07)	0.015	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Recent Experience of Fever (Ref: No)
Yes	N/A	N/A	1.44(1.00–2.07)	0.052	1.53(1.22–1.91)	<0.001
Socioeconomic and Demographic Variables
Division (Ref: Sylhet)
Barisal	N/A	N/A	0.59(0.22–1.59)	0.297	0.76(0.48–1.22)	0.258
Chittagong	N/A	N/A	0.59(0.28–1.23)	0.161	0.85(0.60–1.22)	0.381
Dhaka	N/A	N/A	1.09(0.55–2.15)	0.805	0.95(0.67–1.34)	0.780
Khulna	N/A	N/A	1.46(0.72–2.98)	0.299	0.48(0.30–0.76)	0.002
Mymensingh	N/A	N/A	1.05(0.52–2.13)	0.897	0.80(0.52–1.25)	0.333
Rajshahi	N/A	N/A	0.91(0.45–1.85)	0.798	0.59(0.38–0.94)	0.026
Rangpur	N/A	N/A	0.64(0.30–1.37)	0.255	0.70(0.43–1.15)	0.157
Place of Residence (Ref: Urban)
Rural	N/A	N/A	1.90(1.23–3.21)	0.016	N/A	N/A
Type of Toilet (Ref: Hygienic)
Unhygienic	N/A	N/A	1.62(1.14–2.32)	0.008	N/A	N/A
Parental Variables
Maternal BMI (Ref: Overweight/Obese)
Underweight (<18.50kg/m2)	1.47(0.86–2.54)	0.163	2.31(1.21–4.40)	0.011	2.65(1.88–3.75)	<0.001
Normal (18.50–24.99kg/m2)	0.84(0.51–1.39)	0.504	1.33(0.74–2.39)	0.343	1.31(1.01–1.69)	0.059
Mother’s Education (Ref: Higher)
No Education	2.78(0.71–10.86)	0.143	N/A	N/A	1.64(0.96–2.81)	0.720
Primary	1.67(0.45–6.26)	0.445	N/A	N/A	1.22(0.86–1.73)	0.265
Secondary	2.01(0.54–7.47)	0.299	N/A	N/A	1.27(0.95–1.69)	0.114
Mother’s ANC Visit Number (Ref: ≥4)
Nil	N/A	N/A	1.05(0.65–1.69)	0.834	N/A	N/A
1–3	N/A	N/A	1.14(0.70–1.88)	0.600	N/A	N/A
Father’s Occupation (Ref: Other)
Agricultural	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	1.12(0.72–1.75)	0.610
Business	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.62(0.41–0.94)	0.023
Non-Agricultural	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.81(0.56–1.17)	0.252

N/A stands for not applicable. Insignificant variables in Chi-square tests were not included in the adjusted model; therefore, they were replaced with N/A in the Table.

p-value <0.05 is the level of significance.

AOR: Adjusted odds ratio; p-value: Probability value; CI: Confidence interval; Ref: Reference category; BMI: Body mass index; ANC: Antenatal care.