Bahaa Abu-Raya1, Marianne Jost2, Julie A Bettinger1, Robert Bortolussi3, Janet Grabowski4, Thierry Lacaze-Masmonteil5, Joan L Robinson6, Klara M Posfay-Barbe7, Eleni Galanis8, Elizabeth Schutt9, Mirjam Mäusezahl2, Tobias R Kollmann1. 1. Vaccine Evaluation Center, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia,Canada. 2. Federal Office of Public Health, Department of communicable diseases, Bern, Switzerland. 3. Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. 4. Department of Pediatrics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. 5. Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. 6. University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. 7. Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 8. British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 9. Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: International data on listeriosis during infancy from large populations are essential to guide evidence-based empiric antibiotic guidelines for sepsis in infancy. We aimed to determine the incidence, clinical manifestations, and outcome of listeriosis in infants <6 months of age in Canada and Switzerland. METHODS: Prospective, active surveillance of listeriosis in infants <6 months of age was conducted through the Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (May 2015 to April 2017) and the Swiss Paediatric Surveillance Unit (April 2017 to March 2018). Confirmed and probable cases were included. RESULTS: In Canada, eight sporadic listeriosis cases were reported (incidence, 1.1/100,000 live births/year). In Switzerland, four cases were reported (incidence, 4.5/100,000 live births/year) of which three were part of a confirmed outbreak with an unclear source. In the two countries, eight of the 12 cases (66.6%) presented as early-onset disease (within the first 7 days of life) and none presented after 28 days life. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal listeriosis is rare. Infants presenting with sepsis, especially after 4 weeks of life, may not routinely require empiric antibiotic coverage for listeriosis. Outbreak-related cases still occur. Continued surveillance is important.
OBJECTIVES: International data on listeriosis during infancy from large populations are essential to guide evidence-based empiric antibiotic guidelines for sepsis in infancy. We aimed to determine the incidence, clinical manifestations, and outcome of listeriosis in infants <6 months of age in Canada and Switzerland. METHODS: Prospective, active surveillance of listeriosis in infants <6 months of age was conducted through the Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (May 2015 to April 2017) and the Swiss Paediatric Surveillance Unit (April 2017 to March 2018). Confirmed and probable cases were included. RESULTS: In Canada, eight sporadic listeriosis cases were reported (incidence, 1.1/100,000 live births/year). In Switzerland, four cases were reported (incidence, 4.5/100,000 live births/year) of which three were part of a confirmed outbreak with an unclear source. In the two countries, eight of the 12 cases (66.6%) presented as early-onset disease (within the first 7 days of life) and none presented after 28 days life. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal listeriosis is rare. Infants presenting with sepsis, especially after 4 weeks of life, may not routinely require empiric antibiotic coverage for listeriosis. Outbreak-related cases still occur. Continued surveillance is important.
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