Sai Li1, Wei Wu2, Gang Wang2, Xinyi Zhang1, Qian Guo1, Beibei Wang1, Suzhen Cao1, Meilin Yan3, Xiaochuan Pan4, Tao Xue5, Jicheng Gong3, Xiaoli Duan6. 1. School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China. 2. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, 100101, China. 3. Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, And Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China. 4. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China. 5. Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China. 6. School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China. Electronic address: jasmine@ustb.edu.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common allergic diseases in the world, and usually persists throughout the activity. Epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between air pollution and allergic rhinitis. However, we could not find any meta-analysis of the risk of air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, O3 and CO) on the prevalence of AR in people of all ages. OBJECTIVES: Carry out a meta-analysis on the results of recent studies (up to 2020) to present valid information about exposure to air pollution and risk of prevalence of AR. METHODS: We systematically searched three databases for studies up to December 17, 2020, including air pollution and AR. Random effect models were conducted to estimate the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Subgroup analysis, funnel plot, Egger's test, and the trim-and-fill method were also conducted. RESULTS: Thirty-five studies across 12 countries, including a total of 453,470 participants, were included. The OR per 10 μg/m3 increase of pollutants was 1.13 (1.04-1.22) for PM10 and 1.12 (1.05-1.20) for PM2.5. The OR per 10 μg/m3 increment of gaseous pollutants were 1.13 (1.07-1.20) for NO2, 1.13 (1.04-1.22) for SO2 and 1.07 (1.01-1.12) for O3. No significant association was observed between CO and AR. Children or adolescents are more sensitive to air pollution than adults. The effects of PM10 and SO2 were significantly stronger in Europe than Asia. The effects of air pollutants were more significant and higher in developing countries than in developed countries, except for PM10. A significant difference of subgroup test was found between developed and developing countries of NO2. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis showed a positive association between air pollution and the prevalence of allergic rhinitis, and identified geographic area and economic level as the potential modifiers for the association.
BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common allergic diseases in the world, and usually persists throughout the activity. Epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between air pollution and allergic rhinitis. However, we could not find any meta-analysis of the risk of air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, O3 and CO) on the prevalence of AR in people of all ages. OBJECTIVES: Carry out a meta-analysis on the results of recent studies (up to 2020) to present valid information about exposure to air pollution and risk of prevalence of AR. METHODS: We systematically searched three databases for studies up to December 17, 2020, including air pollution and AR. Random effect models were conducted to estimate the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Subgroup analysis, funnel plot, Egger's test, and the trim-and-fill method were also conducted. RESULTS: Thirty-five studies across 12 countries, including a total of 453,470 participants, were included. The OR per 10 μg/m3 increase of pollutants was 1.13 (1.04-1.22) for PM10 and 1.12 (1.05-1.20) for PM2.5. The OR per 10 μg/m3 increment of gaseous pollutants were 1.13 (1.07-1.20) for NO2, 1.13 (1.04-1.22) for SO2 and 1.07 (1.01-1.12) for O3. No significant association was observed between CO and AR. Children or adolescents are more sensitive to air pollution than adults. The effects of PM10 and SO2 were significantly stronger in Europe than Asia. The effects of air pollutants were more significant and higher in developing countries than in developed countries, except for PM10. A significant difference of subgroup test was found between developed and developing countries of NO2. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis showed a positive association between air pollution and the prevalence of allergic rhinitis, and identified geographic area and economic level as the potential modifiers for the association.
Authors: Sai Li; Gang Wang; Beibei Wang; Suzhen Cao; Kai Zhang; Xiaoli Duan; Wei Wu Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-10-01 Impact factor: 4.614