Simultaneous Administration of NOD-2 (MDP) and TLP-4 (LPS) Ligands to Bone Marrow Donors 24 h before Transplantation Increases the Content of Multipotent Stromal Cells (MSCs) in Bone Marrow Grafts in CBA Mice Compared to the Total Result of Their Isolated Administration.

In 3-month bone marrow transplants of CBA mice from bone marrow donors receiving single injections of TLR-4 ligand (LPS) or NOD-2 ligand (muramyl dipeptide, MDP) 24 h before transplantation, an increase in the total number of MSCs (by 2.6 and 1.9 times, respectively), as well as a slight increase in the number of nuclear cells and the mass of bone capsules (by 1.3 and 1.2 times) were observed. After combined administration of MDР and LPS to donors, the total content of MSCs in the grafts was higher by 1.6 times in comparison with the total result of their isolated administration (and by 7.2 times in comparison with the control). At the same time, the concentration of osteogenic MSCs in the grafts of all groups was almost the same and corresponded to the control level. The number of nuclear cells and the mass of bone capsules of the grafts after combined administration of LPS and MDP were close (~80%) to the sum of the results of their isolated administration. These findings suggest that activation of the stromal tissue and the success of bone marrow transplantation depend on the intensity of innate immune responses. These data can be useful for the development of optimal methods of tissue transplantation.