Angelika Erhardt1,2, Götz Gelbrich3,4, Johanna Klinger-König5, Fabian Streit6, Luca Kleineidam7, Steffi G Riedel-Heller8, Börge Schmidt9, Florian Schmiedek10,11,12, Michael Wagner7,13, Hans J Grabe5,14, Marcella Rietschel6, Klaus Berger15, Jürgen Deckert1. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Centre of Mental Health, Julius-Maximilians-University, Wuerzburg, Germany. 2. Max Planck Institute for Psychiatry, Munich, Germany. 3. Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Julius-Maximilians-University, Wuerzburg, Germany. 4. Clinical Trial Centre Wuerzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany. 5. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany. 6. Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany. 7. Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. 8. Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. 9. Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, Germany. 10. Leibniz-Institute for Research and Information in Education, University of Frankfurt, Germany. 11. Institute of Psychology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. 12. Centre for Mind, Brain and Behaviour, University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany. 13. German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany. 14. German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Partner Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. 15. Institute of Epidemiology & Social Medicine, University of Muenster, Germany.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Anxiety disorders (AD) are common in the general population, leading to high emotional distress and disability. The German National Cohort (NAKO) is a population-based mega-cohort study, examining participants in 16 German regions. The present study includes data of the first 101,667 participants and investigates the frequency and severity of generalised anxiety symptoms and panic attacks (PA). METHODS: The Generalised Anxiety Disorder Symptoms Scale (GAD-7) and the first part of the Patient Health Questionnaire Panic Disorder (PHQ-PD) were filled out by NAKO participants (93,002). We examined the correlation of GAD-7 and PHQ-PD with demographic variables, stress (PHQ-Stress), depression (PHQ-9) and childhood trauma (CTS). RESULTS: The total proportion of prior lifetime diagnoses of AD in the NAKO cohort reached 7.8%. Panic attacks were reported by 6.0% and possible/probable current GAD symptoms in 5.2% of the examined participants. Higher anxiety severity was associated with female sex, lower education level, German as a foreign language and younger age as well as high perceived stress and depression. CONCLUSIONS: Clinically relevant GAD symptoms as well as panic attacks are frequent in the NAKO and are associated with sociodemographic factors, and high anxiety symptoms are accompanied by pronounced stress and depression levels.
OBJECTIVES: Anxiety disorders (AD) are common in the general population, leading to high emotional distress and disability. The German National Cohort (NAKO) is a population-based mega-cohort study, examining participants in 16 German regions. The present study includes data of the first 101,667 participants and investigates the frequency and severity of generalised anxiety symptoms and panic attacks (PA). METHODS: The Generalised Anxiety Disorder Symptoms Scale (GAD-7) and the first part of the Patient Health Questionnaire Panic Disorder (PHQ-PD) were filled out by NAKO participants (93,002). We examined the correlation of GAD-7 and PHQ-PD with demographic variables, stress (PHQ-Stress), depression (PHQ-9) and childhood trauma (CTS). RESULTS: The total proportion of prior lifetime diagnoses of AD in the NAKO cohort reached 7.8%. Panic attacks were reported by 6.0% and possible/probable current GAD symptoms in 5.2% of the examined participants. Higher anxiety severity was associated with female sex, lower education level, German as a foreign language and younger age as well as high perceived stress and depression. CONCLUSIONS: Clinically relevant GAD symptoms as well as panic attacks are frequent in the NAKO and are associated with sociodemographic factors, and high anxiety symptoms are accompanied by pronounced stress and depression levels.
Entities:
Keywords:
GAD-7; Generalised anxiety; German National Cohort; PHQ-Panic; panic attacks
Authors: Annette Peters; Annette Peters; Karin Halina Greiser; Susanne Göttlicher; Wolfgang Ahrens; Maren Albrecht; Fabian Bamberg; Till Bärnighausen; Heiko Becher; Klaus Berger; Achim Beule; Heiner Boeing; Barbara Bohn; Kerstin Bohnert; Bettina Braun; Hermann Brenner; Robin Bülow; Stefanie Castell; Antje Damms-Machado; Marcus Dörr; Nina Ebert; Margit Ecker; Carina Emmel; Beate Fischer; Claus-Werner Franzke; Sylvia Gastell; Guido Giani; Matthias Günther; Kathrin Günther; Klaus-Peter Günther; Johannes Haerting; Ulrike Haug; Iris M Heid; Margit Heier; Diana Heinemeyer; Thomas Hendel; Florian Herbolsheimer; Jochen Hirsch; Wolfgang Hoffmann; Bernd Holleczek; Heike Hölling; Andreas Hörlein; Karl-Heinz Jöckel; Rudolf Kaaks; André Karch; Stefan Karrasch; Nadja Kartschmit; Hans-Ulrich Kauczor; Thomas Keil; Yvonne Kemmling; Bianca Klee; Birgit Klüppelholz; Alexander Kluttig; Lisa Kofink; Anna Köttgen; Daniel Kraft; Gérard Krause; Lisa Kretz; Lilian Krist; Jan Kühnisch; Oliver Kuß; Nicole Legath; Anna-Therese Lehnich; Michael Leitzmann; Wolfgang Lieb; Jakob Linseisen; Markus Loeffler; Anke Macdonald; Klaus H Maier-Hein; Nina Mangold; Claudia Meinke-Franze; Christa Meisinger; Juliane Melzer; Björn Mergarten; Karin B Michels; Rafael Mikolajczyk; Susanne Moebus; Ulrich Mueller; Matthias Nauck; Thoralf Niendorf; Konstantin Nikolaou; Nadia Obi; Stefan Ostrzinski; Leo Panreck; Iris Pigeot; Tobias Pischon; Irene Pschibul-Thamm; Wolfgang Rathmann; Achim Reineke; Stefanie Roloff; Dan Rujescu; Stefan Rupf; Oliver Sander; Tamara Schikowski; Sabine Schipf; Peter Schirmacher; Christopher L Schlett; Börge Schmidt; Georg Schmidt; Martin Schmidt; Gina Schöne; Holger Schulz; Matthias B Schulze; Alexandra Schweig; Anja M Sedlmeier; Sonja Selder; Julia Six-Merker; Ramona Sowade; Andreas Stang; Oliver Stegle; Karen Steindorf; Gunthard Stübs; Enno Swart; Henning Teismann; Inke Thiele; Sigrid Thierry; Marius Ueffing; Henry Völzke; Sabina Waniek; Andrea Weber; Nicole Werner; H-Erich Wichmann; Stefan N Willich; Kerstin Wirkner; Kathrin Wolf; Robert Wolff; Hajo Zeeb; Melanie Zinkhan; Johannes Zschocke Journal: Eur J Epidemiol Date: 2022-10-19 Impact factor: 12.434