| Literature DB >> 34812004 |
Xin Liu1,2, Xiulan Sun1, Jin Cao2.
Abstract
Carbamate pesticides are a class of synthetic pesticides having wide antimicrobial spectrum, good insecticidal efficacy, and a short residual period. These pesticides are used in agriculture, forestry, and animal husbandry. Their widespread use in the last two decades has led to the existence of drug residues in the environment, which are transferred to food, thereby raising concerns regarding the potential threat to human health. Rapid and accurate detection of carbamate pesticide residues in food is of great significance for food safety, and this requires pretreatment to purify the target components and maximize the accuracy and precision of the analysis. A rapid and accurate analytical method based on online solid phase extraction/purification-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (online SPE-HPLC-MS/MS) was established for the determination of eight carbamate pesticides in tomato, rice, and cabbage. About 5.0 g of tomato (without water), 2.0 g of cabbage, and 2.0 g of rice (mixed with 3 mL of water) were vortexed at 1000 r/min for 1 min. After adding 2 g of sodium chloride and 10 mL of acetonitrile containing 0.5% (v/v) formic acid, the samples were extracted and centrifuged. The supernatants were combined after the samples were extracted again. The reconstituted solutions were then purified on a CAPCELL PAK C18 column (50 mm×2.0 mm, 15 μm). When the volume ratio of 0.1% (v/v) formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile (used as the mobile phases) was 90∶10 and 35∶65, the eight carbamate pesticides could be completely adsorbed and eluted. The carbamate pesticides were separated on an ACQUITY UPLC CSH C18 column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) under gradient elution and analyzed in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with positive electrospray ionization (ESI+). Under the optimum conditions, the calibration curves of the eight carbamate pesticide residues showed good linearity (r>0.995) within their respective linear ranges. The limits of quantification (LOQs) and limits of detection (LODs) were in the range of 0.05-1.0 ng/mL (S/N=10) and 0.01-0.3 ng/mL (S/N=3). The recoveries were in the range of 73.76%-112.32% at three spiked levels (2, 10, and 20 ng/mL), with relative standard deviations of 1.28%-13.14% (n=6). The online purification method showed better enrichment and purification ability for the target substances than did the offline purification method and greatly improved the pretreatment efficiency. The loading and purification could be completed within 12 min. The developed method has the advantages of high recovery rate, good reproducibility, accuracy, rapidness, sensitivity, and environment friendliness. It can be used for the determination of the eight carbamate pesticides in plant foods, such as tomato, rice, and cabbage.Entities:
Keywords: carbamate pesticide residues; high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS); online solid phase extraction; plant foods
Mesh:
Substances:
Year: 2021 PMID: 34812004 PMCID: PMC9404031 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2021.01028
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Se Pu ISSN: 1000-8713
在线固相萃取/净化的梯度条件
| Step | Time/min | φ(A)/% | φ(B)/% | Position | Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0.5 | 90 | 10 | A | injection |
| 2 | 0.5 | 90 | 10 | B | loading |
| 3 | 3.0 | 90 | 10 | B | rinse |
| 4 | 2.0 | 35 | 65 | B | elution |
| 5 | 2.0 | 10 | 90 | B | elution |
| 6 | 2.0 | 90 | 10 | A | balance |
A: 0.1%(v/v) formic acid aqueous solution; B: ACN.
图 1在线净化系统流路图
8种氨基甲酸酯类农药的保留时间和质谱参数
| Compound | Retention | Parent | Daughter | DP/ | CE/ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Methomyl | 3.78 | 163.1 | 106.1 | 85 | 18 |
| 88.1* | 85 | 18 | |||
| Pirimicarb | 3.90 | 239.1 | 182.2* | 85 | 20 |
| 72.2 | 85 | 20 | |||
| Metolcarb | 5.74 | 166.1 | 109.1* | 85 | 15 |
| 94.0 | 85 | 40 | |||
| Propoxur | 5.98 | 210.3 | 168.1 | 90 | 8 |
| 111.2* | 80 | 22 | |||
| Carbaryl | 6.14 | 202.2 | 145.1* | 85 | 25 |
| 127.1 | 85 | 38 | |||
| Isoprocarb | 6.33 | 194.3 | 137.2 | 50 | 15 |
| 95.2* | 85 | 20 | |||
| Methiocarb | 6.54 | 226.1 | 169.2 | 80 | 15 |
| 121.2* | 80 | 25 | |||
| Fenobucarb | 6.55 | 208.1 | 152.1 | 80 | 8 |
| 95.0* | 85 | 25 |
DP: declustering potential; CE: collision energy; * quantitative ion.
图28种氨基甲酸酯农药混合标准溶液(100 ng/mL)的提取离子流色谱图
图3不同提取溶剂对8种氨基甲酸酯类农药回收率的影响(n=6)
图4复溶溶剂中乙腈的体积分数对8种氨基甲酸酯农药回收率的影响(n=6)
8种氨基甲酸酯农药的线性方程、线性范围、相关系数、检出限和定量限
| Compound | Linear equation | Linear range/(ng/mL) | r | LOD/(ng/mL) | LOQ/(ng/mL) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Methomyl | y=1.08×104x+2.51×103 | 0.5-50 | 0.9953 | 0.05 | 0.15 |
| Pirimicarb | y=3.64×105x+5.03×103 | 0.1-100 | 0.9951 | 0.01 | 0.05 |
| Metolcarb | y=3.63×104x+4.15×102 | 0.1-100 | 0.9991 | 0.04 | 0.10 |
| Propoxur | y=2.60×104x+4.76×103 | 0.5-100 | 0.9970 | 0.05 | 0.15 |
| Carbaryl | y=9.40×103x+1.87×103 | 1.0-100 | 0.9992 | 0.30 | 1.0 |
| Isoprocarb | y=1.17×105x+1.11×104 | 0.1-100 | 0.9984 | 0.03 | 0.10 |
| Methiocarb | y=9.29×104x+3.03×103 | 0.5-100 | 0.9970 | 0.05 | 0.20 |
| Fenobucarb | y=1.74×105x+1.64×104 | 0.5-100 | 0.9979 | 0.06 | 0.20 |
y: peak area; x: mass concentration, ng/mL.
8种氨基甲酸酯类农药在3种基质中的回收率和相对标准偏差(n=6)
| Compound | Spiked level/ | Tomato | Rice | Cabbage | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recovery/% | RSD/% | Recovery/% | RSD/% | Recovery/% | RSD/% | ||||
| Methomyl | 2 | 80.40 | 5.88 | 106.81 | 3.58 | 108.59 | 5.11 | ||
| 10 | 86.07 | 5.77 | 94.41 | 8.92 | 93.79 | 11.92 | |||
| 20 | 75.98 | 8.65 | 85.87 | 10.55 | 75.32 | 6.51 | |||
| Pirimicarb | 2 | 80.03 | 4.37 | 102.35 | 1.79 | 107.36 | 8.59 | ||
| 10 | 84.36 | 2.42 | 97.79 | 7.82 | 100.06 | 4.34 | |||
| 20 | 83.19 | 4.47 | 111.76 | 4.67 | 88.67 | 6.18 | |||
| Metolcarb | 2 | 95.84 | 3.89 | 92.38 | 1.28 | 101.92 | 2.27 | ||
| 10 | 94.50 | 2.31 | 101.28 | 11.95 | 95.33 | 2.64 | |||
| 20 | 88.50 | 3.51 | 97.35 | 2.96 | 85.97 | 3.56 | |||
| Propoxur | 2 | 77.37 | 9.99 | 82.49 | 4.56 | 101.33 | 8.19 | ||
| 10 | 78.89 | 5.60 | 96.52 | 7.05 | 94.95 | 6.06 | |||
| 20 | 111.62 | 4.98 | 90.41 | 7.26 | 84.01 | 13.14 | |||
| Carbaryl | 2 | 74.98 | 8.13 | 87.72 | 7.00 | 86.09 | 5.19 | ||
| 10 | 82.35 | 3.84 | 94.04 | 6.80 | 89.69 | 9.74 | |||
| 20 | 73.76 | 9.05 | 92.17 | 3.21 | 81.22 | 7.60 | |||
| Isoprocarb | 2 | 112.32 | 3.94 | 86.96 | 3.13 | 105.35 | 3.90 | ||
| 10 | 103.45 | 1.41 | 82.35 | 4.59 | 109.01 | 4.73 | |||
| 20 | 92.81 | 2.54 | 89.34 | 2.92 | 101.06 | 3.11 | |||
| Methiocarb | 2 | 82.65 | 4.36 | 82.77 | 3.24 | 97.41 | 2.45 | ||
| 10 | 84.61 | 1.92 | 91.08 | 7.81 | 84.50 | 5.45 | |||
| 20 | 75.35 | 3.51 | 82.61 | 4.68 | 93.92 | 5.50 | |||
| Fenobucarb | 2 | 94.84 | 2.94 | 100.63 | 1.91 | 101.28 | 3.57 | ||
| 10 | 97.10 | 2.24 | 103.01 | 2.99 | 98.58 | 5.23 | |||
| 20 | 91.03 | 3.71 | 95.72 | 2.71 | 97.01 | 4.65 | |||