Anna M Li1, Jiadi Xu1,2. 1. F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 2. Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To develop phase alternate labeling with null recovery (PALAN) MRI methods for the quantification of the water exchange between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and other surrounding tissues in the brain. METHOD: In both T1 -PALAN and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)-PALAN MRI methods, the cerebrospinal fluid signal was nulled, whereas the partial recovery of other tissues with shorter T1 (T1 -PALAN) or lower ADC values (ADC-PALAN) was labeled by alternating the phase of pulses. The water exchange was extracted from the difference between the recovery curves of CSF with and without labeling. RESULTS: Both T1 -PALAN and ADC-PALAN observed a rapid occurrence of CSF water exchange with the surrounding tissues at 67 ± 56 ms and 13 ± 2 ms transit times, respectively. The T1 and ADC-PALAN signal peaked at 1.5 s. The CSF water exchange was 1153 ± 270 mL/100 mL/min with T1 -PALAN in the third and lateral ventricles, which was higher than 891 ± 60 mL/100 mL/min obtained by ADC-PALAN. T1 -PALAN ∆S values for the rostral and caudal ventricles are 0.015 ± 0.013 and 0.034 ± 0.01 (p = 0.022, n = 5), whereas similar Δ S values in both rostral and caudal lateral ventricles were observed by ADC-PALAN (3.9 ± 1.9 × 10-3 vs 4.4 ± 1.4 × 10-3 ; p = 0.66 and n = 5). CONCLUSION: The PALAN methods are suitable tools to study CSF water exchange across different compartments in the brain.
PURPOSE: To develop phase alternate labeling with null recovery (PALAN) MRI methods for the quantification of the water exchange between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and other surrounding tissues in the brain. METHOD: In both T1 -PALAN and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)-PALAN MRI methods, the cerebrospinal fluid signal was nulled, whereas the partial recovery of other tissues with shorter T1 (T1 -PALAN) or lower ADC values (ADC-PALAN) was labeled by alternating the phase of pulses. The water exchange was extracted from the difference between the recovery curves of CSF with and without labeling. RESULTS: Both T1 -PALAN and ADC-PALAN observed a rapid occurrence of CSF water exchange with the surrounding tissues at 67 ± 56 ms and 13 ± 2 ms transit times, respectively. The T1 and ADC-PALAN signal peaked at 1.5 s. The CSF water exchange was 1153 ± 270 mL/100 mL/min with T1 -PALAN in the third and lateral ventricles, which was higher than 891 ± 60 mL/100 mL/min obtained by ADC-PALAN. T1 -PALAN ∆S values for the rostral and caudal ventricles are 0.015 ± 0.013 and 0.034 ± 0.01 (p = 0.022, n = 5), whereas similar Δ S values in both rostral and caudal lateral ventricles were observed by ADC-PALAN (3.9 ± 1.9 × 10-3 vs 4.4 ± 1.4 × 10-3 ; p = 0.66 and n = 5). CONCLUSION: The PALAN methods are suitable tools to study CSF water exchange across different compartments in the brain.
Authors: J L Boxerman; P A Bandettini; K K Kwong; J R Baker; T L Davis; B R Rosen; R M Weisskoff Journal: Magn Reson Med Date: 1995-07 Impact factor: 4.668
Authors: Ian F Harrison; Bernard Siow; Aisha B Akilo; Phoebe G Evans; Ozama Ismail; Yolanda Ohene; Payam Nahavandi; David L Thomas; Mark F Lythgoe; Jack A Wells Journal: Elife Date: 2018-07-31 Impact factor: 8.140
Authors: Yolanda Ohene; Ian F Harrison; Payam Nahavandi; Ozama Ismail; Eleanor V Bird; Ole P Ottersen; Erlend A Nagelhus; David L Thomas; Mark F Lythgoe; Jack A Wells Journal: Neuroimage Date: 2018-12-15 Impact factor: 6.556