Anadi Khatri1,2, Saurav M Shrestha3, Ferenc Kuhn4,5,6, Prem Subramanian7,8, Annette K Hoskin9,10, Eli Pradhan11, Rupesh Agrawal12,13,14. 1. Department of Vitreoretinal Services, Birat Eye Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. anadikc@gmail.com. 2. Department of Ophthalmology, Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. anadikc@gmail.com. 3. Kathmandu Eye Centre, Lagankhel, Lalitpur, Nepal. 4. Helen Keller Foundation for Research and Education, Birmingham, USA. 5. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary. 6. International Society of Ocular Trauma, Birmingham, USA. 7. Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA. 8. Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA. 9. Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. 10. Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. 11. Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, Kathmandu, Nepal. 12. National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. 13. Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. 14. Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To introduce a novel tool to investigate the correlation between concomitant injuries and primary open globe injury (OGI) in the setting of ophthalmic trauma, the "Ophthalmic Trauma Correlation Matrix" (OTCM). METHODS: Retrospective cohort review, performed at a tertiary referral eye care center in Eastern Nepal, involving all eyes with OGI meeting the inclusion criteria from 2015-2018. Clinical data including details of primary injury, concurrent injuries, and clinical course were noted from hospital medical records. A correlation matrix chart was devised using matrix correlation and Pearson's correlation coefficient. This chart was then used to evaluate the association of the various injuries in the setting of OGI. RESULTS: A total of 109 eyes with OGI were included. Majority of the eyes (78, 71.6%) had zone I injuries, while most of the eyes (66, 60.6%) had penetrating injury. The most frequent concomitant injuries in all zones of OGI were traumatic lens injury (77, 70.64%), followed by hyphema (48, 44.03%), and vitreous hemorrhage (35, 32.11%). The most common concomitant injury associated with zone I was hyphema (0.873), while traumatic subluxation/cataract (0.894) and vitreous hemorrhage (0.972) were commonly associated with zone II and III, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: OTCM could be a useful tool to manage injuries related to the primary ocular injury. This additional information will aid in the prognostication, planning, and management of OGI and potentially prevent repeat surgeries and inadequate treatments.
PURPOSE: To introduce a novel tool to investigate the correlation between concomitant injuries and primary open globe injury (OGI) in the setting of ophthalmic trauma, the "Ophthalmic Trauma Correlation Matrix" (OTCM). METHODS: Retrospective cohort review, performed at a tertiary referral eye care center in Eastern Nepal, involving all eyes with OGI meeting the inclusion criteria from 2015-2018. Clinical data including details of primary injury, concurrent injuries, and clinical course were noted from hospital medical records. A correlation matrix chart was devised using matrix correlation and Pearson's correlation coefficient. This chart was then used to evaluate the association of the various injuries in the setting of OGI. RESULTS: A total of 109 eyes with OGI were included. Majority of the eyes (78, 71.6%) had zone I injuries, while most of the eyes (66, 60.6%) had penetrating injury. The most frequent concomitant injuries in all zones of OGI were traumatic lens injury (77, 70.64%), followed by hyphema (48, 44.03%), and vitreous hemorrhage (35, 32.11%). The most common concomitant injury associated with zone I was hyphema (0.873), while traumatic subluxation/cataract (0.894) and vitreous hemorrhage (0.972) were commonly associated with zone II and III, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: OTCM could be a useful tool to manage injuries related to the primary ocular injury. This additional information will aid in the prognostication, planning, and management of OGI and potentially prevent repeat surgeries and inadequate treatments.