Guilherme Gallo Costa Gomes1, Marcelo Palinkas2, Gabriel Pádua da Silva3, Camila Roza Gonçalves4, Robson Felipe Tosta Lopes5, Edson Donizetti Verri6, Saulo Cesar Vallin Fabrin7, Evandro Marianetti Fioco8, Selma Siéssere9, Simone Cecilio Hallak Regalo10. 1. Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: guilhermegallogomes@usp.br. 2. Department of Basic and Oral Biology, National Institute and Technology - Translational Medicine (INCT.TM), School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n, Bairro, São Paulo, SP 14040-904, Brazil. Electronic address: palinkas@usp.br. 3. Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: gabrielpadua@usp.br. 4. Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: camilaroza@usp.br. 5. Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: robsonloopes1996@hotmail.com. 6. Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: edverri@gmail.com. 7. Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: fabrin@usp.br. 8. Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: evandroacm@claretiano.edu.br. 9. Department of Basic and Oral Biology, National Institute and Technology - Translational Medicine (INCT.TM), School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n, Bairro, São Paulo, SP 14040-904, Brazil. Electronic address: selmas@forp.usp.br. 10. Department of Basic and Oral Biology, National Institute and Technology - Translational Medicine (INCT.TM), School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n, Bairro, São Paulo, SP 14040-904, Brazil. Electronic address: simone@forp.usp.br.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Stroke is a neurological deficit of cerebrovascular origin, considered a 21st-century epidemic that causes functional changes in the human body. This study aimed to evaluate the stomatognathic system of patients after hemorrhagic stroke through the bite force, thickness, and skin temperature in the region of the masseter and temporalis muscles. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four subjects were divided into groups: post-hemorrhagic stroke; with right side of the affected body (n = 12) and without the neurological disorder (n = 12). Maximum molar bite force was verified using a digital dynamometer. Muscle thickness was measured using ultrasound images obtained at rest and during maximal voluntary contraction of the masseter and temporalis muscles. Thermographic camera was used to record the thermographic patterns of the masseter and temporalis muscles. Data were subjected to Student's t-test (P < .05). RESULTS: The maximum molar bite force showed significant differences in the right (P = .04) and left (P = .03) sides, with a reduction in force in the post-hemorrhagic stroke group on the affected and unaffected sides. There was a significant difference (P < .05) in the thickness of the left temporal muscle at mandibular rest (P = .01) between groups. The post-hemorrhagic stroke group clinically presented greater muscle thickness in almost 100% of the muscles evaluated in both clinical conditions. There were no significant differences in skin temperature in the masseter and temporal muscles between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest functional changes in the stomatognathic system of subjects after a hemorrhagic stroke, especially concerning molar bite force and masticatory muscle thickness in the temporal muscle (unaffected side).
OBJECTIVE: Stroke is a neurological deficit of cerebrovascular origin, considered a 21st-century epidemic that causes functional changes in the human body. This study aimed to evaluate the stomatognathic system of patients after hemorrhagic stroke through the bite force, thickness, and skin temperature in the region of the masseter and temporalis muscles. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four subjects were divided into groups: post-hemorrhagic stroke; with right side of the affected body (n = 12) and without the neurological disorder (n = 12). Maximum molar bite force was verified using a digital dynamometer. Muscle thickness was measured using ultrasound images obtained at rest and during maximal voluntary contraction of the masseter and temporalis muscles. Thermographic camera was used to record the thermographic patterns of the masseter and temporalis muscles. Data were subjected to Student's t-test (P < .05). RESULTS: The maximum molar bite force showed significant differences in the right (P = .04) and left (P = .03) sides, with a reduction in force in the post-hemorrhagic stroke group on the affected and unaffected sides. There was a significant difference (P < .05) in the thickness of the left temporal muscle at mandibular rest (P = .01) between groups. The post-hemorrhagic stroke group clinically presented greater muscle thickness in almost 100% of the muscles evaluated in both clinical conditions. There were no significant differences in skin temperature in the masseter and temporal muscles between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest functional changes in the stomatognathic system of subjects after a hemorrhagic stroke, especially concerning molar bite force and masticatory muscle thickness in the temporal muscle (unaffected side).