Jaclyn M Goodrich1, Miriam M Calkins2, Alberto J Caban-Martinez3, Todd Stueckle4, Casey Grant5, Antonia M Calafat6, Amy Nematollahi7, Alesia M Jung8, Judith M Graber9, Timothy Jenkins10, Angela L Slitt11, Alisa Dewald1, Julianne Cook Botelho6, Shawn Beitel7, Sally Littau7, John Gulotta12, Darin Wallentine12, Jeff Hughes13, Charles Popp14, Jefferey L Burgess7. 1. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. 2. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA. 3. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. 4. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. 5. Fire Protection Research Foundation, Quincy, MA 02169, USA. 6. National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. 7. Department of Community, Environment & Policy, University of Arizona Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA. 8. Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Arizona Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA. 9. Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA. 10. Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA. 11. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Rhode Island College of Pharmacy, Kingston, RI 02881, USA. 12. Tucson Fire Department, Tucson, AZ 85701, USA. 13. Orange County Fire Authority, Irvine, CA 92602, USA. 14. Boston Fire Department, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Abstract
Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent chemicals that firefighters encounter. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, could serve as PFASs toxicity biomarkers. Methods: With a sample size of 197 firefighters, we quantified the serum concentrations of nine PFASs, blood leukocyte DNA methylation and epigenetic age indicators via the EPIC array. We examined the associations between PFASs with epigenetic age, site- and region-specific DNA methylation, adjusting for confounders. Results: Perfluorohexane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and the sum of branched isomers of perfluorooctane sulfonate (Sm-PFOS) were associated with accelerated epigenetic age. Branched PFOA, linear PFOS, perfluorononanoate, perfluorodecanoate and perfluoroundecanoate were associated with differentially methylated loci and regions. Conclusion: PFASs concentrations are associated with accelerated epigenetic age and locus-specific DNA methylation. The implications for PFASs toxicity merit further investigation.
Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent chemicals that firefighters encounter. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, could serve as PFASs toxicity biomarkers. Methods: With a sample size of 197 firefighters, we quantified the serum concentrations of nine PFASs, blood leukocyte DNA methylation and epigenetic age indicators via the EPIC array. We examined the associations between PFASs with epigenetic age, site- and region-specific DNA methylation, adjusting for confounders. Results: Perfluorohexane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and the sum of branched isomers of perfluorooctane sulfonate (Sm-PFOS) were associated with accelerated epigenetic age. Branched PFOA, linear PFOS, perfluorononanoate, perfluorodecanoate and perfluoroundecanoate were associated with differentially methylated loci and regions. Conclusion: PFASs concentrations are associated with accelerated epigenetic age and locus-specific DNA methylation. The implications for PFASs toxicity merit further investigation.
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