Panpan Zhai1, Yanjie Huang2,3, Shangsai Yue1, Xiaoqing Yang4, Jinghui Luo5, Yanan Zhang1, Xiaofeng Mei4, Liangliang Bi4, Wensheng Zhai1, Xianqing Ren1, Yingbao Yang6, Xiaoke Zheng7, Tatsuo Yamamoto8. 1. Department of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, 450046, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, 450046, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. huangyanjie69@163.com. 3. Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. huangyanjie69@163.com. 4. Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. 5. Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, A526 Medical Sciences Research Bld.1, 1150 W Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. jinghui@med.umich.edu. 6. Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, A526 Medical Sciences Research Bld.1, 1150 W Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. 7. Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. 8. Second Department of Medicine, Numazu City Hospital, Numazu, Japan.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The aim was to investigate the diagnostic efficacy of urinary protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR) and factors influencing its substitutability of 24-h urine protein (24hUP) in children with proteinuria. METHODS: A total of 356 children were recruited, including 149 with non-nephrotic-range proteinuria and 207 with nephrotic-range proteinuria which were further divided into Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN), lupus nephritis (LN), and primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS). The urine protein and creatinine were measured by routine methods. Bland-Altman analysis was used to test the agreement. Spearman correlation was performed to evaluate the relevance. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of UPCR. RESULTS: Bland-Altman analysis showed there was an excellent agreement between UPCR and 24hUP in each group. Correlations between UPCR and 24hUP were strong in 356 children (r = 0.869) and in the non-nephrotic-range proteinuria group (r = 0.806), but moderate in nephrotic-range proteinuria group (r = 0.586). With the increase of nephrotic-range proteinuria, the correlations between UPCR and 24hUP were decreased further, however, after UPCR was adjusted by 24-h urine creatinine (24hUCr), the correlation coefficient was improved (r = 0.682). In three subgroups with nephrotic-range proteinuria, high correlation coefficient (r = 0.731) was observed in HSPN, but not in LN (r = 0.552) and PNS (r = 0.563). The sensitivity and specificity of UPCR for diagnosing nephrotic-range proteinuria were 89.9 % and 92.2%. CONCLUSIONS: UPCR is competent in evaluating proteinuria. The degree of proteinuria, 24hUCr and the underlying pathological types of renal disease may be the important influencing factors in the correlation between UPCR and 24hUP in children with nephrotic-range proteinuria.
PURPOSE: The aim was to investigate the diagnostic efficacy of urinary protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR) and factors influencing its substitutability of 24-h urine protein (24hUP) in children with proteinuria. METHODS: A total of 356 children were recruited, including 149 with non-nephrotic-range proteinuria and 207 with nephrotic-range proteinuria which were further divided into Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN), lupus nephritis (LN), and primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS). The urine protein and creatinine were measured by routine methods. Bland-Altman analysis was used to test the agreement. Spearman correlation was performed to evaluate the relevance. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of UPCR. RESULTS: Bland-Altman analysis showed there was an excellent agreement between UPCR and 24hUP in each group. Correlations between UPCR and 24hUP were strong in 356 children (r = 0.869) and in the non-nephrotic-range proteinuria group (r = 0.806), but moderate in nephrotic-range proteinuria group (r = 0.586). With the increase of nephrotic-range proteinuria, the correlations between UPCR and 24hUP were decreased further, however, after UPCR was adjusted by 24-h urine creatinine (24hUCr), the correlation coefficient was improved (r = 0.682). In three subgroups with nephrotic-range proteinuria, high correlation coefficient (r = 0.731) was observed in HSPN, but not in LN (r = 0.552) and PNS (r = 0.563). The sensitivity and specificity of UPCR for diagnosing nephrotic-range proteinuria were 89.9 % and 92.2%. CONCLUSIONS: UPCR is competent in evaluating proteinuria. The degree of proteinuria, 24hUCr and the underlying pathological types of renal disease may be the important influencing factors in the correlation between UPCR and 24hUP in children with nephrotic-range proteinuria.
Authors: Josef Coresh; Hiddo J L Heerspink; Yingying Sang; Kunihiro Matsushita; Johan Arnlov; Brad C Astor; Corri Black; Nigel J Brunskill; Juan-Jesus Carrero; Harold I Feldman; Caroline S Fox; Lesley A Inker; Areef Ishani; Sadayoshi Ito; Simerjot Jassal; Tsuneo Konta; Kevan Polkinghorne; Solfrid Romundstad; Marit D Solbu; Nikita Stempniewicz; Benedicte Stengel; Marcello Tonelli; Mitsumasa Umesawa; Sushrut S Waikar; Chi-Pang Wen; Jack F M Wetzels; Mark Woodward; Morgan E Grams; Csaba P Kovesdy; Andrew S Levey; Ron T Gansevoort Journal: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol Date: 2019-01-08 Impact factor: 32.069
Authors: Thomas R Jeffry Evans; Masatoshi Kudo; Richard S Finn; Kwang-Hyub Han; Ann-Lii Cheng; Masafumi Ikeda; Silvija Kraljevic; Min Ren; Corina E Dutcus; Fabio Piscaglia; Max W Sung Journal: Br J Cancer Date: 2019-06-28 Impact factor: 7.640