Noor Zafirah Ismail1, Ismail Abiola Adebayo2,3, Wan Ahmad Syazani Mohamed1,4, Nur Nadhirah Mohamad Zain1, Hasni Arsad5. 1. Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, 13200, Penang, Malaysia. 2. Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, P.O. Box 71, Ishaka, Bushenyi, Uganda. 3. Analystical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia. 4. Institute of Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Persiaran Setia Murni, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. 5. Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, 13200, Penang, Malaysia. hasniarsad@usm.my.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: C. vespertiliomis extracts were evaluated for antiproliferative and apoptosis effect on breast cancer (MCF7) cells. METHODS AND RESULTS: The leaves extracts were analysed for its antiproliferative effect on breast cancer (MCF7) cells and normal epithelial breast (MCF 10A) cells using Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The selective extract was evaluated for its ability to induce apoptosis using Annexin V-FITC apoptosis staining and the expression of molecular genes using qualitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) against MCF7 cells. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify the compounds from the selective extract. The findings showed that dichloromethane fraction (CV-Dcm) extract had high antiproliferative effect against MCF7 cells (IC50 = 24 µg/mL, selective index (SI) = 8.17). The percentages of apoptosis cells in CV-Dcm-treated MCF7 cells was 58.8%. The CV-Dcm extract induced downregulation of PCNA level. The apoptotic genes were also triggered in both extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways, affecting a 1.5-fold increase in BAX, 1.4-fold increase in cytochrome c, 1.3-fold increase in caspase-8, 1.7-fold increase in caspase-3 and 0.5-fold-decrease in BCL-2. Treated MCF7 cells also activated P53-dependent apoptotic death pathway. CONCLUSIONS: The present work strongly suggests that high efficacy of CV-Dcm extract was attributed to its antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activation in MCF7 cells, most likely due to its favourable compounds.
BACKGROUND: C. vespertiliomis extracts were evaluated for antiproliferative and apoptosis effect on breast cancer (MCF7) cells. METHODS AND RESULTS: The leaves extracts were analysed for its antiproliferative effect on breast cancer (MCF7) cells and normal epithelial breast (MCF 10A) cells using Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The selective extract was evaluated for its ability to induce apoptosis using Annexin V-FITC apoptosis staining and the expression of molecular genes using qualitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) against MCF7 cells. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify the compounds from the selective extract. The findings showed that dichloromethane fraction (CV-Dcm) extract had high antiproliferative effect against MCF7 cells (IC50 = 24 µg/mL, selective index (SI) = 8.17). The percentages of apoptosis cells in CV-Dcm-treated MCF7 cells was 58.8%. The CV-Dcm extract induced downregulation of PCNA level. The apoptotic genes were also triggered in both extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways, affecting a 1.5-fold increase in BAX, 1.4-fold increase in cytochrome c, 1.3-fold increase in caspase-8, 1.7-fold increase in caspase-3 and 0.5-fold-decrease in BCL-2. Treated MCF7 cells also activated P53-dependent apoptotic death pathway. CONCLUSIONS: The present work strongly suggests that high efficacy of CV-Dcm extract was attributed to its antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activation in MCF7 cells, most likely due to its favourable compounds.
Authors: Eswaran Devarajan; Aysegul A Sahin; Jack S Chen; Raghu R Krishnamurthy; Neeraj Aggarwal; Anne-Marie Brun; Anna Sapino; Fan Zhang; Dhawal Sharma; Xiao-He Yang; Ann D Tora; Kapil Mehta Journal: Oncogene Date: 2002-12-12 Impact factor: 9.867
Authors: P Skehan; R Storeng; D Scudiero; A Monks; J McMahon; D Vistica; J T Warren; H Bokesch; S Kenney; M R Boyd Journal: J Natl Cancer Inst Date: 1990-07-04 Impact factor: 13.506
Authors: G Scambia; F O Ranelletti; P B Panici; R De Vincenzo; G Bonanno; G Ferrandina; M Piantelli; S Bussa; C Rumi; M Cianfriglia Journal: Cancer Chemother Pharmacol Date: 1994 Impact factor: 3.333