Literature DB >> 34655437

Vaccine hesitant or resistant: What can we do?

Evelyn Parrish.   

Abstract

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Year:  2021        PMID: 34655437      PMCID: PMC8661890          DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12956

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Perspect Psychiatr Care        ISSN: 0031-5990            Impact factor:   2.186


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The COVID‐19 pandemic continues to affect thousands of people on a daily basis. The Center for Disease Control1 reported on September 16, 2021, the number of total cases in the United States was 41,593,179, and of those, 155,882 were new cases for the day. The total number of deaths in the United States was 666,440, and of those, 1942 were new deaths for the day. The best approach to slowing the spread of COVID‐19, before the beginning of this year, has been through the use of masks, hand washing, and social distancing. The Food and Drug Administration 2 granted emergency use approval (EUA) to Pfizer and Moderna COVID‐19 vaccines in December 2020. In February 2021, they issued a EUA for the Janssen COVID‐19 vaccine. The FDA2 approved the Pfizer COVID‐19 vaccine in August 2021. The CDC3 reported on September 16, 2021 that the total number of people fully vaccinated in the United States was 180,086,143 which represents 54.2% of the population. With only 54.2% of the population vaccinated, the relaxed public use of masks and social distancing we have seen has coincided with the most significant surge in COVID‐19 since March 2020. Vaccinations have been considered standard care for many years. Vaccines have been developed for a variety of diseases such as polio, diphtheria, measles, and mumps to name a few. As a result of being vaccinated, the prevalence of these and other diseases has decreased over time. The CDC4 provides immunization schedules for both children and adults. Some of our friends, family members, and patients have been vaccination resistant or hesitant for many years. While this has primarily focused on whether children should receive the recommended vaccinations, it now involves the COVID‐19 vaccine. We have heard many reasons for choosing not to get the COVID‐19 vaccine—some based on misunderstanding, some based on misinformation, some based on violation of personal freedom, some based on religious beliefs, some based on medical concerns, some based on mistrust, and conspiracy theories—to name a few. In addition, it has become politicized which has led to a further divide in the United States. The information made available has been conflicting in part because COVID‐19 is new, and we are learning more about it every day. Regardless of the reason for hesitancy or resistance, Psychiatric Mental Health Care Providers (PMHCP) have an obligation and an opportunity to address the barriers by actively listen to concerns about the vaccine. The mistrust and misinformation about the vaccine can feed feelings of anxiety and paranoid thoughts. In developing a therapeutic rapport with their patients, PMHCPs establish a trusting relationship. It is through this trusting relationship that PMGCPs can have an impact on removing the barriers to patients getting COVID‐19 vaccination. Through the use of motivational interviewing, intentional conversations, and active engagement, PMHCPs can further remove barriers by delivering evidence‐based education regarding vaccines and vaccinations including the risks and benefits of being vaccinated just as they would with any type of medication.5, 6, 7.Finally, Lim et al.,6 compiled a list of communication strategies and messages to counter misinformation and include the following as an example: “I got vaccinated and I did not have any side effects besides arm soreness” and the patient states “I want to fight the infection naturally” respond with “Once a fire starts, it is difficult to put out, and while fighting the fire, a person can get killed.” Patients with mental illness, particularly those diagnosed with a serious mental illness may often have underlying medical conditions, such as diabetes, respiratory issues, obesity, substance use, cardiac issues, to name a few. Patients who have even one medical comorbidity increase in vulnerability of getting COVID‐19. Finally, they are at an increased risk of having serious complications which often require hospitalization.8 PMHCP has the experience, knowledge, and expertise to address vaccine hesitancy and resistance!!!
  3 in total

1.  Maximizing the Uptake of a COVID-19 Vaccine in People With Severe Mental Illness: A Public Health Priority.

Authors:  Nicola Warren; Steve Kisely; Dan Siskind
Journal:  JAMA Psychiatry       Date:  2021-06-01       Impact factor: 21.596

2.  Mental Health and the Covid-19 Pandemic.

Authors:  Betty Pfefferbaum; Carol S North
Journal:  N Engl J Med       Date:  2020-04-13       Impact factor: 91.245

3.  COVID-19 Vaccination: crucial roles and opportunities for the mental health professionals.

Authors:  Debanjan Banerjee; Sanchari Mukhopadhyay; Mariam Sahana Asmeen; Afzal Javed
Journal:  Glob Ment Health (Camb)       Date:  2021-06-25
  3 in total

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