Aqueous Molecular Dynamics for Understanding Glycosaminoglycan Recognition by Proteins.

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are biopolymers that exist in most organisms. GAGs are known to bind to hundreds of proteins and partake in multiple biological processes such as growth, morphogenesis, inflammation, infection, and others. Their intrinsic structural heterogeneity and conformational variability introduce major challenges in experimental studies. On the other hand, recent advances in force field development and computational technology have yielded phenomenal opportunity to study thousands of GAG sequences simultaneously to understand recognition of target protein(s). Here, we describe experimental setup for conventional molecular dynamics simulations of GAGs to position an experimental biologist favorably in performance, analysis and interpretation of stability, specificity, and conformational properties of GAGs, while also elucidating their interactions with amino acid residues of a protein at an atomistic level in presence of water.