Peter Joe1, Jose C Clemente2, Enrica Piras2, David S Wallach2, Jessica Robinson-Papp3, Emeka Boka4, Brooke Remsen5, Mharisi Bonner4, David Kimhy4, Deborah Goetz4, Kevin Hoffman6, Jakleen Lee2, Eugene Ruby7, Sarah Fendrich8, Oded Gonen9, Dolores Malaspina4. 1. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: peter.joe@mountsinai.org. 2. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, New York, NY, USA. 3. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neurology, New York, NY, USA. 4. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA. 5. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, New York, NY, USA. 6. Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 7. University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 8. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Center for Health Care Incentives & Behavioral Economics, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 9. NYU Langone Medical Center, Department of Radiology, New York, NY, USA.
Abstract
The mechanism producing psychosis appears to include hippocampal inflammation, which could be associated with the microbiome-gut-brain-axis (MGBS). To test this hypothesis we are conducting a multidisciplinary study, herein described. The procedures are illustrated with testing of a single subject and group level information on the impact of C-section birth are presented. METHOD: Study subjects undergo research diagnostic interviews and symptom assessments to be categorized into one of 3 study groups: psychosis, nonpsychotic affective disorder or healthy control. Hippocampal volume and metabolite concentrations are assessed using 3-dimensional, multi-voxel H1 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRSI) encompassing all gray matter in the entire hippocampal volume. Rich self-report information is obtained with the PROMIS interview, which was developed by the NIH Commons for research in chronic conditions. Early trauma is assessed and cognition is quantitated using the MATRICS. The method also includes the most comprehensive autonomic nervous system (ANS) battery used to date in psychiatric research. Stool and oral samples are obtained for microbiome assessments and cytokines and other substances are measured in blood samples. RESULTS: Group level preliminary data shows that C-section birth is associated with higher concentrations of GLX, a glutamate related hippocampal neurotransmitter in psychotic cases, worse symptoms in affective disorder cases and smaller hippocampal volume in controls. CONCLUSION: Mode of birth appears to have persistent influences through adulthood. The methodology described for this study will define pathways through which the MGBA may influence the risk for psychiatric disorders.
The mechanism producing psychosis appears to include hippocampal inflammation, which could be associated with the microbiome-gut-brain-axis (MGBS). To test this hypothesis we are conducting a multidisciplinary study, herein described. The procedures are illustrated with testing of a single subject and group level information on the impact of C-section birth are presented. METHOD: Study subjects undergo research diagnostic interviews and symptom assessments to be categorized into one of 3 study groups: psychosis, nonpsychotic affective disorder or healthy control. Hippocampal volume and metabolite concentrations are assessed using 3-dimensional, multi-voxel H1 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRSI) encompassing all gray matter in the entire hippocampal volume. Rich self-report information is obtained with the PROMIS interview, which was developed by the NIH Commons for research in chronic conditions. Early trauma is assessed and cognition is quantitated using the MATRICS. The method also includes the most comprehensive autonomic nervous system (ANS) battery used to date in psychiatric research. Stool and oral samples are obtained for microbiome assessments and cytokines and other substances are measured in blood samples. RESULTS: Group level preliminary data shows that C-section birth is associated with higher concentrations of GLX, a glutamate related hippocampal neurotransmitter in psychotic cases, worse symptoms in affective disorder cases and smaller hippocampal volume in controls. CONCLUSION: Mode of birth appears to have persistent influences through adulthood. The methodology described for this study will define pathways through which the MGBA may influence the risk for psychiatric disorders.
Authors: Filippo Varese; Feikje Smeets; Marjan Drukker; Ritsaert Lieverse; Tineke Lataster; Wolfgang Viechtbauer; John Read; Jim van Os; Richard P Bentall Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 2012-03-29 Impact factor: 9.306
Authors: Kevin W Hoffman; Jakleen J Lee; Cheryl M Corcoran; David Kimhy; Thorsten M Kranz; Dolores Malaspina Journal: Front Psychiatry Date: 2020-07-03 Impact factor: 4.157