Oyewole Chris Durojaiye1, Robin Morgan2, Naziha Chelaghma3, Evangelos I Kritsotakis4. 1. Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, United Kingdom; Department of Microbiology, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby DE22 3NE, United Kingdom. Electronic address: docwolex@yahoo.co.uk. 2. Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, United Kingdom. Electronic address: robin.morgan@nhs.net. 3. Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Burton-on-Trent, Staffordshire DE13 0RB, United Kingdom. Electronic address: naziha.chelaghma1@nhs.net. 4. Laboratory of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece; School of Health and Related Research, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom. Electronic address: e.kritsotakis@uoc.gr.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is increasingly used to treat infective endocarditis (IE) with documented success. This study aims to identify risk factors for treatment failure and poor outcomes in patients with IE treated through OPAT. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of all episodes of IE treated over 13 years (September 2006 - September 2019) at a large teaching hospital in Sheffield, UK. We defined OPAT failure as unplanned readmission or death within 30 days of discharge from the OPAT service. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were defined as a composite of IE-related death, cardiac surgery, and recurrence of IE within the first year of completion of OPAT. RESULTS: Overall, 168 episodes of IE were reviewed. OPAT failure and MACE occurred in 44 episodes (26.2%) and 29 episodes (17.3%) respectively. On multivariable analysis, pre-existing renal failure (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-8.30; P = 0.034) and Charlson comorbidity score (aOR, 1.29 per unit increase; 95% CI, 1.06-1.57; P = 0.011) were associated with increased risk of failure. Previous endocarditis (aOR, 3.60; 95% CI, 1.49-8.70; P = 0.004) and cardiac complications (aOR, 3.85; 95% CI, 1.49-9.93; P = 0.005) were risk factors for MACE, whereas cardiac surgery during the initial hospitalisation for IE (aOR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.12-0.22; P < 0.001) was a protective factor. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that OPAT is safe and effective for completing antibiotic treatment for IE, including cases deemed to be at increased risk of complications. However, careful patient selection and monitoring of patients with pre-existing comorbidities and cardiac complications are recommended to optimise clinical outcomes.
OBJECTIVES: Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is increasingly used to treat infective endocarditis (IE) with documented success. This study aims to identify risk factors for treatment failure and poor outcomes in patients with IE treated through OPAT. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of all episodes of IE treated over 13 years (September 2006 - September 2019) at a large teaching hospital in Sheffield, UK. We defined OPAT failure as unplanned readmission or death within 30 days of discharge from the OPAT service. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were defined as a composite of IE-related death, cardiac surgery, and recurrence of IE within the first year of completion of OPAT. RESULTS: Overall, 168 episodes of IE were reviewed. OPAT failure and MACE occurred in 44 episodes (26.2%) and 29 episodes (17.3%) respectively. On multivariable analysis, pre-existing renal failure (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-8.30; P = 0.034) and Charlson comorbidity score (aOR, 1.29 per unit increase; 95% CI, 1.06-1.57; P = 0.011) were associated with increased risk of failure. Previous endocarditis (aOR, 3.60; 95% CI, 1.49-8.70; P = 0.004) and cardiac complications (aOR, 3.85; 95% CI, 1.49-9.93; P = 0.005) were risk factors for MACE, whereas cardiac surgery during the initial hospitalisation for IE (aOR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.12-0.22; P < 0.001) was a protective factor. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that OPAT is safe and effective for completing antibiotic treatment for IE, including cases deemed to be at increased risk of complications. However, careful patient selection and monitoring of patients with pre-existing comorbidities and cardiac complications are recommended to optimise clinical outcomes.
Authors: W Wen; H Li; C Wang; C Chen; J Tang; M Zhou; X Hong; Y Cheng; Q Wu; X Zhang; Z Feng; M Wang Journal: Rev Esp Quimioter Date: 2022-06-02 Impact factor: 2.515