Leonardo Rivadeneyra1, Hervé Falet1,2, Karin M Hoffmeister1,3. 1. Translational Glycomics Center, Versiti Blood Research Institute. 2. Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy. 3. Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: This review highlights recent advancements in understanding the regulation of platelet numbers, focusing on mechanisms by which carbohydrates (glycans) link platelet removal with platelet production in the bone marrow in health and disease. RECENT FINDINGS: This review is focused on the role of carbohydrates, specifically sialic acid moieties, as a central mediator of platelet clearance. We discuss recently identified novel mechanisms of carbohydrate-mediated platelet removal and carbohydrate-binding receptors that mediate platelet removal. SUMMARY: The platelet production rate by megakaryocytes and removal kinetics controls the circulating platelet count. Alterations in either process can lead to thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) or thrombocytosis (high platelet count) are associated with the risk of bleeding or overt thrombus formation and serious complications. Thus, regulation of a steady-state platelet count is vital in preventing adverse events. There are few mechanisms delineated that shed light on carbohydrates' role in the complex and massive platelet removal process. This review focuses on carbohydrate-related mechanisms that contribute to the control of platelet numbers.
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: This review highlights recent advancements in understanding the regulation of platelet numbers, focusing on mechanisms by which carbohydrates (glycans) link platelet removal with platelet production in the bone marrow in health and disease. RECENT FINDINGS: This review is focused on the role of carbohydrates, specifically sialic acid moieties, as a central mediator of platelet clearance. We discuss recently identified novel mechanisms of carbohydrate-mediated platelet removal and carbohydrate-binding receptors that mediate platelet removal. SUMMARY: The platelet production rate by megakaryocytes and removal kinetics controls the circulating platelet count. Alterations in either process can lead to thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) or thrombocytosis (high platelet count) are associated with the risk of bleeding or overt thrombus formation and serious complications. Thus, regulation of a steady-state platelet count is vital in preventing adverse events. There are few mechanisms delineated that shed light on carbohydrates' role in the complex and massive platelet removal process. This review focuses on carbohydrate-related mechanisms that contribute to the control of platelet numbers.
Authors: Chloé James; Valérie Ugo; Jean-Pierre Le Couédic; Judith Staerk; François Delhommeau; Catherine Lacout; Loïc Garçon; Hana Raslova; Roland Berger; Annelise Bennaceur-Griscelli; Jean Luc Villeval; Stefan N Constantinescu; Nicole Casadevall; William Vainchenker Journal: Nature Date: 2005-04-28 Impact factor: 49.962
Authors: Ross L Levine; Martha Wadleigh; Jan Cools; Benjamin L Ebert; Gerlinde Wernig; Brian J P Huntly; Titus J Boggon; Iwona Wlodarska; Jennifer J Clark; Sandra Moore; Jennifer Adelsperger; Sumin Koo; Jeffrey C Lee; Stacey Gabriel; Thomas Mercher; Alan D'Andrea; Stefan Fröhling; Konstanze Döhner; Peter Marynen; Peter Vandenberghe; Ruben A Mesa; Ayalew Tefferi; James D Griffin; Michael J Eck; William R Sellers; Matthew Meyerson; Todd R Golub; Stephanie J Lee; D Gary Gilliland Journal: Cancer Cell Date: 2005-04 Impact factor: 31.743
Authors: Lubna Ali; Arjen J Cupido; Maaike Rijkers; G Kees Hovingh; Adriaan G Holleboom; Geesje M Dallinga-Thie; Erik S G Stroes; Marjolein A W van den Boogert Journal: Atherosclerosis Date: 2020-07-06 Impact factor: 5.162
Authors: Yana Pikman; Benjamin H Lee; Thomas Mercher; Elizabeth McDowell; Benjamin L Ebert; Maricel Gozo; Adam Cuker; Gerlinde Wernig; Sandra Moore; Ilene Galinsky; Daniel J DeAngelo; Jennifer J Clark; Stephanie J Lee; Todd R Golub; Martha Wadleigh; D Gary Gilliland; Ross L Levine Journal: PLoS Med Date: 2006-07 Impact factor: 11.069
Authors: J Nangalia; C E Massie; E J Baxter; F L Nice; G Gundem; D C Wedge; E Avezov; J Li; K Kollmann; D G Kent; A Aziz; A L Godfrey; J Hinton; I Martincorena; P Van Loo; A V Jones; P Guglielmelli; P Tarpey; H P Harding; J D Fitzpatrick; C T Goudie; C A Ortmann; S J Loughran; K Raine; D R Jones; A P Butler; J W Teague; S O'Meara; S McLaren; M Bianchi; Y Silber; D Dimitropoulou; D Bloxham; L Mudie; M Maddison; B Robinson; C Keohane; C Maclean; K Hill; K Orchard; S Tauro; M-Q Du; M Greaves; D Bowen; B J P Huntly; C N Harrison; N C P Cross; D Ron; A M Vannucchi; E Papaemmanuil; P J Campbell; A R Green Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2013-12-10 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Viktoria Rumjantseva; Prabhjit K Grewal; Hans H Wandall; Emma C Josefsson; Anne Louise Sørensen; Göran Larson; Jamey D Marth; John H Hartwig; Karin M Hoffmeister Journal: Nat Med Date: 2009-09-27 Impact factor: 53.440